AP Physics 2: 2-Question Quiz

AP Physics 2

1. What does temperature depend on?

Average Kinetic Energy

2. What is thermal energy? What does it depend on?

Thermal energy is the total internal energy of a system due to the motion of particles. It depends on the temperature, mass and state of the substance.

3. The linear thermal expansion of an object depends on

the coefficient of linear expansion, change in temperature and the original length

4. During a phase-change, the temperature ______ (increases/decreases/remains constant)

remains constant

5. The heat needed to change the temperature of matter depends on

the mass (m), specific heat capacity (c), and temperature change (△T)

6. During an isobaric process, the _____ is constant. Draw the P vs. V graph for this process.

Pressure + Graph Drawing

7. During an adiabatic process, the _____ is zero. Draw the P vs. V graph for this process.

Heat Transfer (Q) + Graph Drawing

8. During an isothermal process, the _____ is constant and the change in internal energy is ______.Draw the P vs. V graph for this process.

Temperature. △U=0. + Graph Drawing

9. In an Isovolumetric (isochoric) process, the _____ is constant and the work is ____. Draw the P vs.V graph for this process.

Volume. Zero. + Graph Drawing

10. Given a Pressure vs. Volume graph, how do you find the work done?

The area under the curve

11. Work done ON a thermodynamic system is _____ (+/-). Work done BY a thermodynamic system is _____ (+/-)

Positive. Negative

12. Heat ADDED to a thermodynamic system is _____ (+/-).Heat REMOVED from a thermodynamic system is ______ (+/-)

Positive. Negative

13. State the first law of thermodynamics in your own words.

The change of internal energy of a system is equal to the heat added to the system plus the work done on the system

14. State the second law of thermodynamics in your own words.

Heat flows from hot to cold, and during energy transfer, the total entropy of the system increases.

15. According to Coulomb’s Law, the electric force between two charges is proportional to ______ and inversely proportional to _______.

The product of the charges (q1q2). The distance between them squared (r2)

16. How is electric force different than electric field? What are their units?

Electric force is the interaction of charges (N, newtons), while electric field is the force per unit charge (N/C or V/m)

17. Electric field lines always point from ______ charges to _____ charges. Electric field lines _____. (never/always) cross.

Positive. Negative. Never

18. Positive charges create ______ (positive/negative) electric potentials (voltage) and negative charges create ______ (positive/negative) electric potentials.

Positive. Negative.

19. The change in potential between two parallel plates is proportional to

the magnitude of the electric field (E) and the distance between them (d)

20. How is electric potential energy different from electric potential (voltage)? What are their units?

Electric potential energy (U) is the energy due to the charge’s relative positions on an electric field (Unit: Joules). Electric potential (V) is the potential energy per unit charge (V=J/C)

21. Capacitance is proportional to _______ and inversely proportional to ______

Plate area (A) and dielectric constant times vacuum permittivity. Plate separation distance (d)

22. What is the difference between “standard electric current” and “real electric current”?

Standard current: direction of positive charge flow (From + to -)

Real current: in most conductors it’s electron flow, which is opposite to standard current.

23. Electric resistance is proportional to _______ and inversely proportional to________

length (L) and cross-sectional area (A). R=pL/A

24. Resistivity depends on ______ and, if it is not ideal, also depends on the _______

material and temperature

25. According to Ohm’s Law, the change in potential (voltage) in an electric circuit depends on ________

the current and the resistance V=IR

26. State Kirchhoff’s Rules in your own words.

Junction Rule: The sum of currents entering equals the sum leaving

Loop Rule: In any closed loop, the sum of potential charges equals zero

27. The power in an electric circuit depends on ________. Just need to list one of the three options

P=IV

28. What does the charge stored in a capacitor depend on?

Its capacitance and the voltage across it (Q=CV)

29. The potential energy stored in a capacitor depends on ________. Just need to list one of the three options.

U=½CV2

30. Adding a resistor in series ___________ (increases /decreases) the equivalent resistance and ___________ (increases /decreases) the total current

increases, and decreases

31. Adding a resistor in parallel _______ (increases/decreases) the equivalent resistance and ___________ (increases /decreases) the total current.

Decreases, and increases

32. All resistors in series share the same ______ (current/voltage)

Current

33. All resistors in parallel share the same _____ (current/voltage)

Voltage

34. All capacitors in series share the same _____ (charge/voltage)

Charge

35. All capacitors in parallel have the same ____ (charge/voltage).

Voltage

36. Two equal lamps are connected in parallel. If one lamp is disconnected, the other lamp will _____ (increase/decrease/not change/lose all) its brightness because ____________________________

Not change; each lamp in a parallel circuit is connected directly to a power source

37. Two equal lamps are connected in series. If one lamp is disconnected, the other lamp will _____ (increase/decrease/not change/lose all) brightness because ____________________________

Not change; it still receives the same supply voltage

38. What is the Time Constant of an RC circuit? What does it depend on?

τ=RC. It depends on the resistance (R) and the Capacitance (C)

39. List the SI units of: electric potential, electric potential energy, charge, current, resistance, and capacitance.

Electric potential: volt (V) (J/C)

Electric potential energy: joule (J)

Charge: coulomb (C)

Current: ampere (A)

Resistance: ohm (Ω) (V/A)

Capacitance: farad (F) (C/V)

40. Magnetic field lines always point from ____ pole to ____ pole.

North; south

41. The work done by a magnetic field on a moving charge is always _______ because _______

Zero; the magnetic force is always perpendicular to the particle’s velocity

42. When a magnetic force acts on a moving charge, it becomes its _______ force.

Centripetal

43. Under what two conditions a magnetic field will NOT apply a force on a charge?

When the charge is at rest or when the charge’s velocity is parallel to B

44. How do you use the right-hand-rule to determine the direction of the magnetic force on a moving charge?

For a positive charge, point your index finger in the velocity direction v, your middle finger in the magnetic field direction B, your thumb then points in the magnetic force direction F=qv × B. For a negative charge, the force is opposite of the thumb.

45. How do you use the right-hand-rule to determine the direction of the magnetic force on a current-carrying wire?

Treat the current like a positive charge motion. Using the right hand rule, thumb is your (I) , index is your (B), and your middle is your force (F).

46. How do you determine the direction of the magnetic field created by a current-carrying wire?

Use the right hand curl rule and point your thumb along the current, your fingers wrap around the wire and show the circular field direction.

47. Define magnetic flux in your own words

This is the measure of how many magnetic field lines pass through a surface.

48. The direction of the induced emf opposes the _________

Change in magnetic flux

49. Two parallel current-carrying wires will ____ (attract/repel) when the currents point in the same direction and they will ____ (attract/repel) when the currents point opposite directions.

Attract; repel

50. A current-carrying rod moves perpendicular to a magnetic field. The resulting magnetic force will ______ accelerate/decelerate) its motion

Decelerate

51. You are given the equation ab=k, and several values of “a” and “b”. You label the y axis ____ and the x axis ____ so the slope of the line allows you to find k. Note: there is more than one correct answer to this question.

a; 1/b

52. You are given the equation a=kbs, and several values of “a” and “b”. You label the y axis ____ and the x axis ____ so the slope of the line allows you to find k. Note: there is more than one correct answer to this question

log(a); log(b)

53. List the SI units of: magnetic field, magnetic flux, and electric power.

Magnetic field: tesla (T) (N·s/(C·m) or N/(A·m))

Magnetic flux: weber (Wb) (T·m²)

Electric power: watt (W) (J/s)

54. Give two characteristics of real images. Magnification M is always ______ (positive/negative) for real images.

Negative

55. Give two characteristics of virtual images. Magnification M is always ______ (positive/negative) for virtual images

Positive

56. Concave mirrors are ___________ (converging/diverging)

Converging

57. Convex mirrors are ___________ (converging/diverging).

Diverging

58. Concave mirrors produce real images when the object is located __________ , and virtual images only when the object is located ___________.

Beyond the focal point; inside the focal length

59. Convex mirrors always produce _______ images.

Virtual

60. Diverging (concave) lenses always produce ______ images

Virtual

61. Converging (convex) lenses produce real images when the object is located __________, and virtual images only when the object is located ___________

Beyond the focal length; inside the focal length

(She said skip this one for one) 62. According to the magnification equation, if the image is closer to the mirror than the object, then the image is____ (larger, smaller, same size). If the image is further away, then it is __________

Smaller; larger

63. What is critical angle of total internal reflection? Total internal reflection only occurs if the light travels from a medium with _____ (high/low) index of refraction into a medium with _____ (high/low) index of refraction.

High; low

64. In a boundary between two media, how do you relate the speed of light in each medium to the angle of a ray with respect to the normal line?

Use Snell’s Law n1sinθ1=n2sinθ2 and n=c/v