Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment

What are the steps in the scientific method?

1. Make observation

2. Form hypothesis

3. Experiment

4. Analyze data

5. Draw conclusion

What is a scientific theory?

A carefully thought out explanation for observations of the natural world that has been constructed using the scientific method (HYPOTHESIS)

How did people think about the world before the scientific revolution?

The Earth was the center of the universe (GEOCENTRIC)

What is another word for the Enlightenment period?

Age of reason

Who Did Rousseau want to govern?

He wanted the community to govern (Believed in natural laws)

Who made the first encyclopedia?

Denis Diderot

Name the Russian monarch that expanded the lands

Catherine the great

Name the father of economics

Adam Smith

What was the main idea that philosophers used to try to improve society?

Reason and logic to improve human rights

Name the scientist that discovered the law of gravity

Sir Isaac Newton

Name the meeting place of the philosophers

Salon

How were ideas spread about during the enlightenment?

Salons, encyclopedia, writings

How did the scientific revolution open the door to the enlightenment?

demonstrated logic and scientific method

What is an enlightened despot?

Monarchs that embraced new ideas and made new reforms/influenced by enlightenment

Define philosopher

A person who seeks wisdom or enlightenment

What type of government did most philosophers like?

Enlightened monarchy

Name the first person to publish a book about the heliocentric theory

Copernicus

What does Galileo and a philosopher have in common?

Beliefs against the church

Who wrote Leviathan?

Thomas Hobbes

Why did enlightenment thinkers face censorship?

Their ideas challenged traditional beliefs

Why was Catherine the great considered an enlightened despot?

she ruled with absolute authority, but took steps to modernize and reform Russia, tried to end serfdom

Name the US document that protects the natural rights of citizens

US Constitution

US Bill of Rights

How does the US Constitution reflect ideas of the enlightenment?

Checks and balances, individual freedom, government by the people

Which philosopher believed in separation of powers (Branches)

Montesquieu

What was the impact of the enlightenment? What revolutions did it inspire?

Lead many people to think about their government and to consider ways in which it should be reformed. Inspired American Revolution, French revolution, and Latin America

What would Locke and Rousseau agree on?

Promote reason and freedom as essential components of political societies (People should have say in government)

What does life, liberty, and the right property represent?

Natural rights (John Locke)