Life Processes: Chap 1

Scientific Method

The system to determine how the natural world works. Observation is the formal way of watching the natural world. Developing a hypothesis a possible and testable explanation for the natural event. Test the hypothesis by preforming an experiment

Differences with experimental variable, responding variable, and control group?

Experimental is what is being manipulated. The control group is constant, and the responding is being manipulated by the experimental variable, this is shown by comparing with the control group

Domain and kingdom we are apart of

Eukarya domain and animalia kingdom

Hows does natural selection relate to evolution?

Natural selection drives evolution, changing inherited traits in populations over generations

Organizational levels

Atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system

atoms

the smallest unit of an element, and are made up of protons, electrons, and neutrons

The union of two or more atoms come together to make up

Molecules

The is the smallest structural and functional unit of all living organisms

cell

Tissues

are a group of cells with a common structure and function

Organs

are composed of tissues functioning together for a particular task

Organisms

are individuals of a given species; complex organisms have multiple organ systems

Organ systems

composed of several organs working together

do not produce their own energy without inputs from the environment.

organisms

energy

the capacity to do work

metabolism

is the sum of all of the reactions that occur within an organism (or one of its cells).

homeostasis

is the ability to maintain a constant internal environment by negative feedback loops

Cells maintain their own...

internal environment

multicellular organisms maintain...

homeostasis at the cellular AND organismal levels

stimuli

may be internal or external

response

may be voluntary or automatic

reproduction

is the act of passing on genetic information to the next generation (and often creates offspring too)

development

is the series of biological processes that take place between fertilization and death.

growth

is often a part of development and in multicellular organisms it is often characterized by an increase in bodily size and an increase in the number of cells.

The genetic information for (almost*) all known life is encoded in

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

genes

are short sequences within DNA that specify the instructions for a specific trait.

Mutations

are variations in genes that result from errors in DNA replication

Types of mutations

substitution, deletion, insertion, inversion

evolution

is the process by which a population (or species)changes over time.