Adult oncology tumor lysis syndrome and hypercalcemia in cancer patients

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5 Terms

1
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What is Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS)?

cell lysis caused by chemo or radiation with spillage of large amounts of potassium, phospahate, and nuclearic acids into bloodstream

leads to electrolyte and metabolic imbalances

2
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What electrolyte imbalances occur in TLS?

hyperuremia

hyperkalemia

hyperphosphatemia

hypocalcemia

3
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What is the key prevention strategy for TLS?

Identify those at risk (heavy bone marrow
involvement, decreased renal function, etc.)
• Monitor & treat abnormal electrolyte values
• Pre-treat - IVF hydration
• Implement safety precautions
• Monitor URINE OUTPUT closely

4
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What are the signs of hypercalcemia?

serum calcium greater than 12

5
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How is hypercalcemia treated?

treat primary cancer

hydration

loop diuretics

infusion of bisphosphonate