Studied by 4 people
History
Native American Societies
Diverse cultures organized by geography before European arrival.
Maize
A staple crop that supported economic development and settlement in Central/South America.
Aztecs/Mexica
A civilization in Mesoamerica known for its large cities, written language, and human sacrifice.
Tenochtitlan
The magnificent capital of the Aztec Empire with a population of 300,000.
Maya
An advanced civilization in the Yucatan Peninsula known for large cities and complex irrigation systems.
Inca
A massive empire in the Andes mountains with 16 million people and elaborate irrigation systems.
Pueblo
A sedentary Native American society in the Southwest known for farming maize and building adobe homes.
Chinook
A Pacific Northwest tribe that lived in longhouses and relied on fishing and elk.
Iroquois
A Northeast American tribe that lived in villages, grew crops, and built longhouses.
Ute
A nomadic tribe in the Great Basin/Plains organized in egalitarian kinship bands.
Hopewell
A Mississippi River Valley society known for extensive trade and towns of 4-6k people.
Cahokia
The largest settlement in the Mississippi River Valley with a powerful chieftain-led government.
European Exploration
Motivated by population increase, political unification, and desire for luxury goods.
Columbus
An explorer who mistakenly landed in the Caribbean, thinking he reached the East Indies.
Columbian Exchange
The transfer of food, animals, minerals, people, and diseases between Africa, Europe, and the Americas.
Transfer of Disease
The introduction of diseases like smallpox that decimated Native American populations.
Transfer of Food
The exchange of crops such as maize and potatoes from the Americas to Europe and vice versa.
Spanish Conquest
Driven by the desire for wealth and the spread of Christianity, leading to the plundering of Native empires.
Mercantilism
An economic system that drove Spanish colonization, relying on heavy governmental direction.
Encomienda System
A labor system where Spanish landowners coerced Native Americans into labor.
Caste System
A racial hierarchy established by the Spanish that determined social status and tax obligations.
Hegemony
The domination of one nation or group over another, exemplified by Spanish colonial practices.
Pueblo Revolt
A rebellion by the Pueblo people against Spanish colonizers, resulting in temporary success.
Cultural Interactions
The blending of Native American and Spanish cultures, including adaptations and resistance.
Bartolome De Las Casas
A priest who argued against the mistreatment of Native Americans and advocated for African labor instead.
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