Key Figures in American Political History Final

John Bell

Constitutional Union candidate in the election of 1860.

John C. Breckinridge

Southern Democrat in the election of 1860.

Preston Brooks

Southern representative who caned a Northern senator in the Senate.

John Brown

Fanatical antislavery terrorist.

James Buchanan

Last Democrat president who was pro-compromise.

Jefferson Davis

President of the Confederate States of America.

Stephen Douglas

Illinois senator who was one of the major proponents of popular sovereignty.

John C. Fremont

War hero and the first Republican candidate for president.

Abraham Lincoln

First Republican president.

Roger Taney

Supreme Court chief justice who denied that Black Americans had citizenship rights.

Ulysses S. Grant

Scandal-ridden administration.

Horace Greeley

New York newspaper editor who ran against Grant in 1872.

Rutherford B. Hayes

Winner of the most disputed presidential election in U.S. history up to that time.

Andrew Johnson

First president to be impeached.

Thomas Nast

Political cartoonist who advocated reforms.

Hiram Revels

First black person to serve in Congress.

Samuel Tilden

Lawyer who helped to reform corruption in New York City.

William Tweed

Corrupt leader who defrauded New York City.

Alexander Graham Bell

Inventor of the telephone.

Andrew Carnegie

Steel entrepreneur.

James Buchanan Duke

The South's tobacco entrepreneur.

Thomas Alva Edison

America's most prolific inventor.

Samuel Gompers

Labor union leader.

J.P. Morgan

Financier.

John D. Rockefeller

Oil-refining entrepreneur.

Cornelius Vanderbilt

Shipping entrepreneur.

Emilio Aguinaldo

Philippine revolutionary.

Sitting Bull

Political leader of the Sioux during the Sioux War.

George Armstrong Custer

Reckless colonel who lost his life at the Battle of Little Bighorn.

George Dewey

American commodore who defeated the Spanish navy in the Philippines.

Crazy Horse

Military leader of the Sioux during the Sioux War.

Chief Joseph

Nicknamed the 'Indian Napoleon', chief of the Nez Perce Indians.

Enrique Dupuy de Lome

Spanish ambassador who insulted President McKinley in a private letter.

Maximilian I

Puppet emperor of Mexico.

Matthew Perry

American commodore who negotiated a treaty with the Japanese.

William Jennings Bryan

U.S. secretary of state before World War I, defended the Bible against the theory of evolution.

Porfirio Diaz

Mexican dictator from 1876 to 1911.

Herbert Hoover

Administrator of the Food Administration.

Victoriano Huerta

'One of the most grotesque tyrannies in Mexican history' according to Woodrow Wilson.

Henry Cabot Lodge

U.S. senator who led opposition to the Treaty of Versailles.

John J. Pershing

American general who led U.S. troops in World War I.

Pancho Villa

Mexican bandit leader who raided a New Mexico border town.

Wilhelm II

German ruler who drew England into war.

Woodrow Wilson

Said 'The world must be made safe for democracy.'

Alvin C. York

Christian who won the Medal of Honor in World War I.

Al Capone

Kingpin of Chicago's underworld.

Calvin Coolidge

'The business of America is business.'

Sigmund Freud

Austrian psychologist who opposed self-restraint.

Albert Einstein

Developed scientific theory of relativity.

Warren G. Harding

President, head of the 'Ohio gang.'

Herbert Hoover (2)

President during the beginning of the Great Depression, 'chicken in every pot and a car in every garage.'

Charles A. Lindbergh Jr.

First solo, nonstop flight across the Atlantic.

John T. Scopes

Teacher convicted of teaching evolution.

Al Smith

First Roman Catholic presidential candidate for a major party.

Charles Coughlin

Roman Catholic priest who proposed to replace capitalism with 'social justice.'

Huey Long

Louisiana senator and former governor; 'Share Our Wealth' scheme.

Franklin Roosevelt (2)

Campaign song was 'Happy Days Are Here Again!', U.S. president during most of World War II.

Francis Townsend

Doctor who proposed a 2 percent national sales tax to pay a pension for the elderly.

Neville Chamberlain

British advocate of appeasement.

Winston Churchill

British Prime Minister during most of World War II.

Dwight Eisenhower

Supreme Allied Commander in Europe.

Adolf Hitler

Dictator of Nazi Germany.

Benito Mussolini

Dictator of Fascist Italy.

Joseph Stalin

Communist dictator of the Soviet Union/USSR.

Hideki Tojo

Military head of Japan.

Harry Truman

U.S. president at the close of World War II.

Wendell Willkie

Republican candidate for president in 1940.