gram NEGATIVE cocci

what are the two main GNC

Neisseria and Moraxella

key characteristics of GNC

• diplococci

• oxidase POSITIVE

what bacteria is associated with “kidney bean” diplococci

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

what media does N. gonorrhoeae grow in

• chocolate agar

• Thayer Martin agar

what does thayer-martin agar contain

• vancomycin

• nystatin

• colistin

• hemoglobin

• isovitalex

what does N. gonorrhoeae require to grow

5-10% CO2

how long does it take for N. gonorrhoeae to grow

up to 48 hours

what does N. gonorrhoeae cause

Gonorrhea

how is gonorrhea transmitted

sexually

gonorrhea may be mixed with _

chlamydia

does gonorrhea always have symptoms

no, may be asymptomatic

is a N. gonorrhoeae sensitive? for whom?

yes, ONLY for males- not females

what can N. gonorrhoeae be confused with

Acinetobacter or Moraxella

should the specimen tested for N. gonorrhoeae be refrigerated before culture?

NO

what is N. gonorrhoeae sensitive to

penicillin or spectinomycin

what should be performed in order to determine how sensitive N. gonorrhoeae is to penicillin

beta lactamase test

how is N. gonorrhoeae mosty identified

probe technology

N. meningitidis grow on

• blood agar

• chocolate agar

• thayer martin agar

what enhances the growth of N. meningitidis

5-10% CO2

what does N. meningitidis ferment

glucose and maltose

how is N. meningitidis transmitted

• through respiratory droplets

• requires close contact

what does N. meningitidis cause

meningitis

what population is meningitis mostly seen in

children under three

what lab results would be seen in bacterial meningitis

• increased neutrophils

• increased protein

• decreased glucose

which gram negative cocci can cause bacterial meningitis

N. meningitidis

N. meningitidis can cause a type of septicemia that is also known as a

meningococcemia

meningococcemias most notably cause

Waterhouse - Friderichsen syndrome

what is characteristic of Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome

scattered petechiae

what N. meningitidis types mainly cause meningitis

A, B, C, Y, W

what are N. meningitidis types based on

serogroups based on polysaccharide capsule

which Moraxella spp. is significant

Moraxella catarrhalis

Moraxella catarrhalis can also be known as

Branhamella catarrhalis

what kind of infections does M. catarrhalis cause

respiratory

what media does M. catarrhalis grow well on

chocolate and BAP

what media does M. catarrhalis NOT grow on

MAC

colony characteristic of Moraxella catarrhalis

they are hard and “move over”

what does M. catarrhalis ferment

nothing, it is asaccharolytic

what lab tests is M. catarrhalis positive for

• usually beta lactamase

• DNAse

what sugars does N. meningitidis ferment

glucose and maltose

what sugars does N. lactamica ferment

glucose, maltose, lactose