Fish Swimming Dynamics and Circulatory Systems

These flashcards cover key concepts related to fish swimming dynamics and circulatory systems, including anatomical terms, physiological principles, and techniques used in the study of these topics.

Actinopterygii

A class of ray-finned fishes characterized by a bony skeleton and a fin structure supported by rays.

Homocercal tail

A type of fish tail that is symmetrical and allows for efficient swimming.

Heterocercal tail

An asymmetrical tail structure typically found in certain fish such as sharks.

Digital Particle Image Velocimetry (DPIV)

A technique used to measure the flow of fluids, often applied in studying swimming dynamics of fish.

Circulatory system

A system responsible for the flow of blood and lymph through the body, comprising a pump (heart), vessels, a medium (blood), and a control system.

Pump (heart)

The organ that drives the movement of blood through the circulatory system.

One-way valve

A valve that allows fluid (blood) to flow in a single direction, preventing backflow.

Law of bulk flow (Q = ΔP/R)

The principle that describes the flow of fluid based on pressure differences and resistance within the system.

Cardiac output (CO)

The volume of blood pumped by the heart per unit time, calculated as CO = heart rate (HR) multiplied by stroke volume (SV).

Frank-Starling Law of the Heart

A principle stating that the strength of the heart's contraction is increased with the volume of blood filling the heart (end-diastolic volume).

Actinopterygii

A class of ray-finned fishes characterized by a bony skeleton and a fin structure supported by rays.

Homocercal tail

A type of fish tail that is symmetrical and allows for efficient swimming.

Heterocercal tail

An asymmetrical tail structure typically found in certain fish such as sharks.

Digital Particle Image Velocimetry (DPIV)

A technique used to measure the flow of fluids, often applied in studying swimming dynamics of fish.

Circulatory system

A system responsible for the flow of blood and lymph through the body, comprising a pump (heart), vessels, a medium (blood), and a control system.

Pump (heart)

The organ that drives the movement of blood through the circulatory system.

One-way valve

A valve that allows fluid (blood) to flow in a single direction, preventing backflow.

Law of bulk flow (Q =
\Delta P/R
)

The principle that describes the flow of fluid based on pressure differences and resistance within the system.

Cardiac output (CO)

The volume of blood pumped by the heart per unit time, calculated as CO = heart rate (HR) multiplied by stroke volume (SV).

Frank-Starling Law of the Heart

A principle stating that the strength of the heart's contraction is increased with the volume of blood filling the heart (end-diastolic volume).

Chondrichthyes

A class of cartilaginous fishes, including sharks, rays, and chimaeras, characterized by a skeleton made primarily of cartilage.

Arteries

Blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to other parts of the body, typically under high pressure.

Stroke Volume (SV)

The volume of blood pumped out of one ventricle of the heart with each beat.