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ARKY 325 - Midterm 2 (People)
ARKY 325 - Midterm 2 (People)
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32 Terms
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Hatshepsut
An 18th Dynasty Pharaoh of Egypt, daughter of Thutmoses I, who reigned for 20 years and claimed to be the successor of her father.
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Akhenaten
An Egyptian ruler who broke the power of the priests of Amun and established the cult of Aten as the state religion.
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Nefertiti
The wife of Akhenaten, declared a god alongside him.
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Tutankhamun
Son of Akhenaten who reigned from ca. 1332-1323 BC and reinstated the cult of Amun.
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Sir John Hubert Marshall
An archaeologist known for the first systematic excavations of Harappan sites in the 1920s.
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R.D. Banerji
An archaeologist associated with the first systematic excavations of Harappan sites in the 1920s.
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Meluhhans
People likely from the Indus Valley who traded with Sumerians.
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Liangzhu Culture
An early culture in the Yangtze River Delta characterized by social hierarchy and elite burials.
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Yangshao culture
Considered the roots of Chinese culture, known for farming millet and existing from 5000-3000 BC.
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Longshan culture
Followed Yinshao culture, evident in social ranking and wealth distribution in Northern China.
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Hongshan Culture
Located in Manchuria, known for small villages and elaborate burials, existing from 4000-3000 BC.
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Shangdi
The Lord on High, central to Shang spiritual beliefs, commanding nature and subordinates.
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Cheng Tang
Legendary figure who founded the Shang Dynasty after overthrowing the king of Xia.
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Lady Fuhao
One of King Wu-Ding's wives and a significant general of the Shang dynasty.
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Yu the Great
A semi-mythical figure and the founder of the Xia Dynasty.
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Wu Wang
Overthrew the last Shang ruler to establish the Zhou dynasty.
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Phoenicians
Ancient city-states in Canaan renowned for maritime trade and craftsmanship.
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Ashurnasirpal II
Assyrian king who conquered kingdoms with the first army equipped with iron weapons.
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Shalmaneser III
Assyrian king who controlled Syria and the Mediterranean coast.
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Nebuchadnezzar
Reconstructed the Assyrian empire under Neo-Babylonian control with Babylon as the capital.
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Belshazzar
Nebuchadnezzar's son who held a feast that led to his defeat.
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Midas
Legendary king known for his ability to turn objects into gold.
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Lydians
A wealthy kingdom that prospered on trade routes between Asia and the Mediterranean.
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Medians
An Iranian group that united western Iran into a major political power.
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Persians
People from southwestern Iran, ruled by Median kings until Cyrus the Great's conquest.
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King Cyaxares
A Median king who contributed to the destruction of the Assyrian empire.
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Cyrus the Great
Founder of the Achaemenid Empire who overthrew the Medians.
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Darius
General who became king after Cyrus' son and ruled the Achaemenid Empire at its peak.
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Plebians
A self-organized group of Roman commoners with distinct interests and laws.
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Hannibal
Led forces in the Second Punic War, famous for invading Italy through the Alps.
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Octavian (Caesar Augustus)
The first Roman emperor who rose to power after Julius Caesar's assassination.
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Julius Caesar
A Roman general and dictator, assassinated in 44 BC after being named Dictator Perpetuus.