Autism Spectrum Disorders Fluency

When planning for possible relapse, a behavior analyst should identify potential __ events

triggering

to assess for potential relapse, a BCBA would conduct __ probes after intervention

follow- up

Data-based decisions about intervention effectiveness involve ___, ____, and ___ data on the target bx and related variables

collecting, graphing, analyzing

To evaluate a self-management intervention, a BA would assess the client's ____ in implementing procedures

accuracy

Behavior analytic goals are stated in terms that can be ___ or quantified.

measured

if a child is repeatedly punished for misbehavior, they may develop ___ towards the person delivering the punishment, leading to strained interactions.

resentment

When making modifications to an intervention, use ___ to guide the decision making progress.

data

When recommending interventions, consider the client's ___ and values, to promote buy-in and adherence.

preferences

___ sessions can be part of a relapse prevention plan if maintenance data indicates skill degradation.

booster

___ ensures that all conditions are implemented as planned, enhancing reliability and effectiveness.

procedural integrity

When collaborating with others, it is important to maintain ___ and respect the roles and responsibilities of each team member.

professional boundaries

A relapse prevention plan should include strategies for ___ training.

maintenance.

Collaboration can lead to improved client ___.

outcomes

Collaboration is essential for providing ___ and effective services to clients.

comprehensive

if a child's aggressive bx have not decreased significantly after 2 weeks of consistent intervention, the BCBA should ___ the intervention plan.

revise

Possible effects of extinction include ___ and emotional responses.

extinction bursts

Collaboration involves sharing ___ and knowledge with the team members to enhance client services.

expertise

If procedural integrity is low, strategies to address the issue include training, simplification of the procedures, and providing ongoing ____ and support.

feedback

If a student's on-task bx increased from 50% to 80% during intervention phase, the intervention can be considered ___.

effective

Behavior analytic goals are stated in terms of bx that can be directly ___ by others.

observed

A complex intervention such as FCT may require a ___ level of training compared to a simple intervention like a visual schedule.

higher

Relapse refers to the ___ of a previously reduced or eliminated target bx

reoccurrence

A ____ alternative bx is one that is valued by the individual, as well as their community or society.

socially valid

Procedural integrity can be measured through direct observation, ___ , and self- reporting by the individuals implementing the intervention.

permanent products or video recordings

To mitigate unwanted effects of reinforcement, use strategies such as ___ and varying reinforcers.

schedule thinning

When recommending interventions, consider the client's ___ background and ensure the intervention is relevant and sensitive.

cultural

Setting observable and measurable goals allows for ___ monitoring of progress and treatment effectiveness.

objective

Reasons for relapse include changes in the environment, ___ implementation of interventions, inadequate generalization planning, and the presence of new reinforcers.

inconsistent

If data indicates that the intervention is not producing the desired level of behavior change, ___ may be necessary.

modification

Effective collaboration requires clear, open and ____ communication among team members.

respectful

Regularly __ with team members to evaluate the effectiveness of collaborative efforts and identify opportunities for improvement.

communicate

Treatment integrity refers to the extent to which an __ is implemented as planned.

intervention or independent variable

A functionally ___ alternative behavior serves the same function as the problem bx but in a more appropriate manner.

equivalent

___ involves working cooperatively with team members to achieve a common goal.

Collaboration

To assess the social validity of an alt bx, gather input from ___ such as the client, family members, and other relevant stakeholders.

multiple sources

If data reveals that a teacher is implementing a behavior support plan with only 60% integrity, the BCBA may decide to provide additional ____.

training

Modifications to an intervention may include changes to the target bx, intervention strategies, ___, or implementation procedures.

reinforcement schedule

Extinction procedures may result in an immediate, temporary ___ in the intensity or frequency of the tantrums before the bx decreases.

increase

When developing measurable goals, include __ such as frequency, duration or accuracy.

quantifiable criteria

Evidence- based interventions are those that have been shown to be effective through ___.

scientific research

When selecting interventions, consider the level of __ required for effective implementation.

training

While quantitive data is essential for making decisions about intervention effectiveness and modifications, it is also important to use ___ data to make ___ judgements.

qualitative, clinical

When making data-based decisions about intervention effectiveness and modifications, always prioritize the well-being of the ____

client

Effective collaboration among interdisciplinary team members is crucial for delivering ___ client care.

holistic

A supervisor observing the BIP implementation and completing a checklist of adherence to each step in baseline and intervention is measuring ____.

procedural integrity

Acceptable levels of procedural integrity may vary depending on procedure ____, but higher levels are associated with better intervention outcomes.

complexity

To evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention, compare ____ data to intervention data collected during and after the intervention.

baseline

While procedural integrity focuses on the ___ of the entire procedure, IOA focuses on the reliability of the data collected.

implementation

Common triggers for relapse include changes in the ___ and disruptions in reinforcement schedules.

environment

If a child tantrums to escape difficult tasks, a functionally equivalent alternative bx could be ___ a break or assistance.

requesting

High levels of both procedural integrity and IOA are necessary for ____ the effectiveness of an intervention and making valid data-based decisions.

evaluating

To mitigate relapse, a bx analyst should plan for gradual ___ of intervention components.

fading

If data consistently shows that an intervention is ___, despite modifications, it may be necessary to consider alternative intervention strategies.

ineffective

When developing observable goals, focus on ___ that can be directly observed and recorded.

specific behaviors

A comprehensive relapse prevention plan should include strategies for ___ generalization of skills.

promoting

Treatment drift

When the application of the IV in later phases differs from the original application.

Functional equivalence

An acceptable alternative behavior that serves the same function as the challenging behavior.

Social validity

Asking if your client's life is changed in a positive and meaningful way.

Discrepancy analysis

Tells you if the challenging behavior is at problematic levels.

-Objective

-Clear

-Complete

List the 3 characteristics of good operational definitions...

The degree to which a treatment plan is implemented as it is written.

Define treatment integrity.

-Self-reports

-Behavior rating scales

Name 2 indirect methods for measuring treatment integrity...

-Specify

-Train

-Monitor

-Reinforce

List the 4 ways to create a treatment integrity system...

Social validity

It is your ethical responsibility to ensure intervention goals have _________________.

True

True or False: Functional equivalence is defined by the intervention matching the function of the behavior.

False

True or False: Assessment ends when your client's goals have been met.

False

True or False: Under the topic of how to monitor treatment integrity, self-reports are considered a direct method.

True

True or False: Being aware of environmental and resource constraints of clients and stakeholders is outlined in our ethical guidelines.

True

True or False: Researchers and practitioners rely on frequent measurement to inform their work (1st to determine the need for intervention, then to measure success of IVs, and ultimately, to be able to make data-based treatment decisions.

True

True or False: Objective, clear, and complete (OCC) applies to operational definitions and how you write intervention goals.

Scientific

You always identify interventions based on the best available ___________________ methods.

Replication

Behavior-analytic researchers care about defining target behaviors because defining target behaviors are important for _______________________________.

Good practice

Client involvement in choice is just ______________________.

The Right to Effective Behavior Treatment

Which ethical document stipulates clients should receive ongoing evaluation and assessment?

Clear

Readable and unambiguous.

Objective

Refers to only the observable.

Complete

Delineates the boundaries of a definition.

Mastery criteria

_________________________ is a measurable behavior dimension that signifies that the goal has been met.

True

True or False: The client and stakeholder must approve the goal objectives.

Modify

If data shows that the IV isn't effective, you should ___________________ the IV.

When established goal criteria is met.

When should services be faded?

If there is a negative impact on the client.

When is a collaboration with another discipline a bad idea?

Client Preferences

A component of an effective intervention. When possible, allow your client's own desires for their life skills and abilities to guide your interventions.

Current repertoires

A component of an effective intervention. Building interventions around what your client is already able to do and what their strengths are can lead to more success

Direct Replication

An experiment in which the researcher attempts to duplicate exactly the conditions of an earlier experiment.

Extinction

The discontinuing of a reinforcement of a previously reinforced behavior (i.e., responses no longer produce reinforcement); the primary effect is a decrease in the frequency of the behavior until it reaches a prereinforced level or ultimately ceases to occur.

Extinction burst

An increase in the frequency of responding when an extinction procedure is initially implemented.

Procedural Fidelity

The extent to which procedures in all phases and conditions of an experiment, including baseline, are implemented correctly.

Punishment

A basic principle of behavior describing a response-consequence functional relation in which a response is followed immediately by a stimulus change that decreases future occurrences of that type of behavior.

Reinforcement

A basic principle of behavior describing a response-consequence functional relation in which a response is followed immediately by a stimulus change that results in similar responses occurring more often.

Replication

(a) Repeating conditions within an experiment to determine the reliability of

effects and increase internal validity.

(b) Repeating whole experiments to determine the generality of findings of

previous experiments to other subjects, settings, and/or behaviors.

Social Validity

Refers to the extent to which target behaviors are appropriate, intervention procedures are acceptable, and important and significant changes in target and collateral behaviors are produced.

Supporting environments

A component of an effective intervention. Environments should always be safe, first and foremost. Providing structure, consistency, and predictability is key.

Systematic replication

An experiment in which the researcher purposefully varies one or more aspects of an earlier experiment. A systematic replication that reproduces the results of previous research not only demonstrates the reliability of the earlier findings, but also adds to the external validity of the earlier findings by showing that the same effect can be obtained under different conditions.

Target Behavior

The response class selected for intervention; can be defined either functionally or topographically.

Treatment drift

An undesirable situation in which the independent variable of an experiment is applied differently during later stages than it was at the outset of the study.

Treatment Integrity

The extent to which the independent variable is applied exactly as planned and described, and no other unplanned variables are administered in advertently along with the planned treatment.

Type 1 error

An error that occurs when a researcher concludes that the independent variable had an effect on the dependent variable, when no such relation exists; a false positive.

Type II error

An error that occurs when a researcher concludes that the independent variable had no effect on the dependent variable, when in truth it did; a false negative.