Structure 1.3 Electronic configuration

Structure 1.3.1 Structure 1.3.2 Structure 1.3.3 Structure 1.3.4 Structure 1.3.5 Structure 1.3.6 Structure 1.3.7

Define the electromagnetic spectrum

Define the electromagnetic spectrum

The electromagnetic spectrum (EMS) is a spectrum of wavelengths that comprise the various types of electromagnetic radiation

• It is arranged from increasing energy and frequency but a decrease in wavelength

  Includes :

• Gamma

• X-rays

• Ultra violet

• Infrared

• Microwaves

• Radiowaves

What is the difference between emission line spectrum and continuous line spectrum?

• A continuous spectrum in the visible region contains all the colours of the spectrum

• However, a line spectrum only shows certain frequencies

• This tells us that the emitted light from atoms can only be certain fixed frequencies - it is quantised (quanta means 'little packet')

Describe the continous spectrum

contains light of all wavelengths and appears as a continous series of colors with no gaps visible with wavelength ranging from 400nm to 700nm

Describe the emission spectrum

a series of line against a dark background are produced when when a gaseous element is subjected to high voltage under reduced pressure. This is due to electrons that were promoted to a higher energy level fall back to a lower energy level which results in photon emission.

Describe the absorption spectrum

A series of dark lines within a continous spectrum.

What is a photon?

a quantum of energy

Describe the principle behind flame tests

Atomic emission
Electrons are promoted to a higher energy level by the heat of the flame, when they fall back to a lower energy level, photons of certain wavelengths are emitted some of which are in the visible region of the spectrum.

Describe the relationships between
→ E ∝ 1/λ
→ c = fλ

The energy of the radiation is inversely proportional to the wavelength

speed of light= frequency x wavelength

What is Quantization?

the idea that electromagnetic radiation comes in discrete packets or quanta.

[each line in the emission spectrum of an element has a specific wavelength which corresponds to a specific amount of energy]