Structure 1.3 Electronic configuration

Structure 1.3.1 Structure 1.3.2 Structure 1.3.3 Structure 1.3.4 Structure 1.3.5 Structure 1.3.6 Structure 1.3.7

Define the electromagnetic spectrum

The electromagnetic spectrum (EMS) is a spectrum of wavelengths that comprise the various types of electromagnetic radiation

• It is arranged from increasing energy and frequency but a decrease in wavelength

  Includes :

• Gamma

• X-rays

• Ultra violet

• Infrared

• Microwaves

• Radiowaves

What is the difference between emission line spectrum and continuous line spectrum?

• A continuous spectrum in the visible region contains all the colours of the spectrum

• However, a line spectrum only shows certain frequencies

• This tells us that the emitted light from atoms can only be certain fixed frequencies - it is quantised (quanta means 'little packet')

Describe the continous spectrum

contains light of all wavelengths and appears as a continous series of colors with no gaps visible with wavelength ranging from 400nm to 700nm

Describe the emission spectrum

a series of line against a dark background are produced when when a gaseous element is subjected to high voltage under reduced pressure. This is due to electrons that were promoted to a higher energy level fall back to a lower energy level which results in photon emission.

Describe the absorption spectrum

A series of dark lines within a continous spectrum.

What is a photon?

a quantum of energy

Describe the principle behind flame tests

Atomic emission
Electrons are promoted to a higher energy level by the heat of the flame, when they fall back to a lower energy level, photons of certain wavelengths are emitted some of which are in the visible region of the spectrum.

Describe the relationships between
→ E ∝ 1/λ
→ c = fλ

The energy of the radiation is inversely proportional to the wavelength

speed of light= frequency x wavelength

What is Quantization?

the idea that electromagnetic radiation comes in discrete packets or quanta.

[each line in the emission spectrum of an element has a specific wavelength which corresponds to a specific amount of energy]