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Composting
Natural process recycling organic matter into valuable fertilizer
Feedstocks
Organic materials like food waste and dry leaves for composting
Republic Act 9003
Places responsibility on LGUs for waste management
Compost
Resulting decomposed matter rich in nutrients from composting
Bokashi Composting
Uses lactobacillus bacteria to ferment all organic food waste
Pile Composting
Method piling organic materials together to decompose naturally
Windrow Composting
Off-site composting piling organic waste in rows for aeration
In-vessel Composting
Method using enclosed vessels for faster composting
Vermicomposting
Method using worms to break down organic waste
Aeration
Aerobic process in composting requiring oxygen for microbes
Moisture Management
Critical for composting process, affects microbial activity
Temperature Control
Ideal range 131-160°F for composting, promotes decomposition
Safety Measures
Implemented to ensure a safe working environment in composting facilities
Sanitary Landfill
Waste disposal site with controlled environmental impacts
Environmental Impact Assessment
Evaluation of potential environmental and social impacts before landfill establishment
Engineering Design
Qualified design for proper waste containment in landfills
Permitting and Regulation
Necessary permits and compliance with regulations for landfill operation
Monitoring and Maintenance
Continuous oversight to ensure compliance and prevent adverse impacts
Category 1 Landfill
Final disposal facility for LGUs with residual waste ≤ 15 TPD
Category 2 Landfill
Final disposal facility for LGUs with residual waste >15-≤75 TPD
Carbon-to-Nitrogen Ratio
Ideal ratio 25:1-30:1 for efficient composting
Leachate
Liquid that drains from a compost pile, must be managed
Regulatory Compliance
Adherence to local, state, and federal regulations in composting
NNC
National Nutrition Council
SUCs
State Universities and Colleges
DA
Department of Agriculture
Category 2
Final disposal for LGUs with 15-75 TPD residual waste.
Category 3
Final disposal for LGUs with 75-200 TPD residual waste.
Category 4
Final disposal for LGUs with over 200 TPD residual waste.
Clay Liner
System to contain leachate and prevent groundwater contamination.
Leachate collection and treatment system
Pipes to collect and treat leachate from the landfill.
Gas control recovery system
Collects landfill gas for treatment or energy use.
Groundwater monitoring well system
Wells for sampling groundwater quality.
Cover
Protection for waste from the environment, including daily and final cover.
Closure procedure
Establishes low maintenance cover systems and final cover.
Post-closure care procedure
Landfill upkeep, environmental protection, and gas control after closure.
CFDF
Categorized Final Disposal Facility or Sanitary Landfill.
Operations Facilities
Necessary facilities for landfill operations like lining and drainage.
Management Facilities
Facilities for daily management activities like administration office.
Supporting Facilities
Common facilities supporting management and operations like access roads.
Waste Retaining Facility
Prevents overflow and collapse of landfilled waste.
Stormwater Drainage Facility
Reduces leachate generation and prevents stormwater entry.
Liner Facility
Prevents pollution of water bodies by leachate.
Leachate Collection Facility
Collects and treats leachate before discharge.
Gas Venting Facility
Prevents gas-related issues and aids in decomposition.
Leachate Treatment Facility
Purifies leachate to prevent pollution.
Groundwater Monitoring Well System
Monitors groundwater and leachate levels.
Access Roads
Designed for waste transportation without hindrance.
Littering Prevention Facility
Prevents wind-borne waste littering the surroundings.
Notice Boards
Displays information on landfill operation and activities.
Fire Prevention Facility
Prevents fire outbreaks at landfill sites.
Disaster Prevention Facility
Prevents damages from unusual disasters at landfill sites.
Location
Criteria for selecting a suitable landfill site.
Hydrogeology
Requirements related to fault lines and water resources.
Social Acceptability
Considering community sensitivities in site selection.
Economics
Budgetary constraints and cost considerations for landfill development.
Landfill Lifespan
Duration of landfill operation, minimum 5 years.
Designed Land Capacity (DLC)
Expected volume of landfill for target lifespan.
Annual Designed Landfill Volume (ADLV)
Key parameter to determine landfill size.
Annual Designed Landfill Weight (ADLW)
Estimated weight of solid waste landfilled per year.
Apparent Specific Weight of Solid Waste (SWW)
Weight per unit volume of compacted solid waste.
Cover Material Volume (CMV)
Material used to cover waste for planting and growth.
Leachate Collection Pipe
System for collecting leachate at landfill sites.
Sanitary Landfill Functions
Includes storage, treatment, and environmental protection.
Operation Facilities
Facilities enhancing landfill system functionality.
Area Method
Landfilling technique for unsuitable terrains.
Trench Method
Landfilling method for areas with suitable terrain.
Track-Type Bulldozers
Equipment for spreading and compacting waste.
Landfill Compactors
Machines for compacting large waste quantities.
Pans or Scrapers
Equipment for excavating and spreading cover material.
Leachate Collection Facility Layout
Patterns for efficient leachate collection and drainage.
Landfill Equipment/Vehicles
Machinery used for landfill operations.
Methods of Landfilling
Techniques for sustainable landfill design.
Daily Soil Cover
Covering waste with soil at the end of each day.
Trenches
Excavated areas for waste placement and compaction
Cover Soil
Soil placed on top of waste layers for daily cover
Gas Collection System
System to collect and manage landfill gas
Passive Gas Collection System
Uses existing landfill pressure to vent gas
Active Gas Collection System
Includes gas collection wells with valves for regulation
Pre-Operation
Initial preparation phase before landfill operation
Neighboring Residents Consideration
Addressing concerns of nearby communities for improvement
Fence and Gate Management
Maintaining site security with proper fencing and gate control
Signboard and Traffic Sign
Installation for site access guidance and safety
Records and Reports
Documentation of waste, operations, and environmental monitoring
Levelling and Compaction
Spreading and compacting waste layers for efficiency
Earth Covering
Daily covering of waste layers with soil or other material
Traffic Control
Supervision of vehicle movement within the landfill site
Litter Control
Measures to prevent littering within the landfill area
Odor Control
Methods to minimize odors within the landfill site
Vector Control
Preventing entry of animals, insects, and birds to the landfill
Post-Operation
Management phase after landfill closure
Leachate Control
Monitoring and managing leachate post-closure
Land Subsidence Control
Monitoring and addressing natural subsidence post-closure
State of Stabilization Assessment
Evaluating environmental impact during closure and post-closure
Post Closure Management
Proper management of the landfill site after closure
Dust Control
Measures to control dust in the landfill area
DLC (Designed Landfill Capacity)
ADLV + CMV (Year)
Recipe Development (C:N Ratio)
25:1 and 30:1
System Design
Design of the composting sytem, static piles, windrows, aerated static piles
Aeration
Composting is an aerobic process, requiring oxygen
Note 
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