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Neuron
A nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system
Dendrites
A neurons bushy, branching extensions that receive messages and conduct impulses towards the cell body
Axon
The neuron extension that passes messages through its branches to other neurons, or to muscles or glands
Myelin Sheath
A fatty tissue layer segmentally encasing the axons of some neurons ; enables vastly greater transmission speed is neural impulses hop from one node to the next.
Action Potential
A neural impulse, a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon
Refractory period
A period of inactivity after a neuron has fired
Threshold
The level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse
All-Or-None Response
A neuron’s reaction of either firing with a full strength response or not firing
Synapse
Hey, Siri junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and eaten trade or sell body of the Receiving neuron.
Neurotransmitters
Chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gap between neurons, when released by the sending neuron, Neurotransmitters travel across the synapse and bind to receptors sites on the receiving neuron there by influencing whether that neuron will generate a neural impulse
Reuptake
A Neuro transmitters reabsorption by the sending neuron
Endorphins
“Morphine within” -natural opiate, like Neuro transmitters link to pain control, and to pleasure
Agonist
A molecule that, by binding to a receptor site, stimulates a response
Antagonist
A molecule that by, binding to receptor site, inhibits or blocks response
Nervous System
The bodies speedy electrochemical communication net work, consisting of all of the nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous system‘s
CNS
The brain and the spinal cord
PNS
The sensory and motor neurons I connect the CNS to the rest of the body
Nerves
Bundled axons that form neural cables, connecting the central nervous system with muscles glands, and sense organs
Sensory neurons
Neurons that carry incoming information from the sensory receptors to the brain and spinal cord
Motor neurons
Neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands
Inter neurons
Neurons within the brain and spinal cord that communicate internally and intervene between the sensory input and motor outputs
Somatic Nervous System
The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the bodies skeletal muscles
ANS
The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs
Sympathetic nervous system
The division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body mobilizing its energy in stressful situations
Parasympathetic nervous system
The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body, conserving its energy
Endocrine system
The bodies, slow, chemical communication system, a set of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream
Hormones
Chemical messengers that are manufactured by the endocrine glands, travel through the bloodstream, and affect other tissues
Adrenal glands
A pair of endocrine glands that sit just above the kidneys and secrete hormones that help arouse the body in times of stress
Pituitary Glands
The endocrine system’s most influential gland under the influence of the hypothalamus pituitary, regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands