Topic 2 The Beginnings of American Government

Which document first challenged the absolute power of monarchs by establishing that even kings must obey the law?

The Magna Carta

What key principle did the Magna Carta introduce that was fundamental to later democratic systems?

Trial by jury and due process of law

How did the three types of English colonies contribute to developing political skills among colonists?

By providing practical experience with different governmental structures

Why were the English considered the most significant European settlers in colonial America?

They gained control of the 13 colonies

What unique characteristic distinguished Connecticut and Rhode Island from other colonies in terms of governance?

Governors were elected by eligible male property owners

What key principle did Thomas Jefferson argue was fundamental to the government in the Declaration of Independence?

Popular sovereignty

Why did the British begin imposing more taxes and trade restrictions on the American colonies in the 1760s?

To cover was costs from conflict with France

What concept angered the colonists most about British taxation?*

Taxation without representation

Which event is considered the first significant military confrontation between British troops and colonial forces?*

Battle of Lexington and Concord

According to Jefferson's arguments, under what circumstances could people abolish their government?

When the government fails to protect natural rights

Why were the Articles of Confederation described as creating a 'loose union' between the states?

States could easily ignore congressional decisions,Each state maintained significant independent powers,The federal government had very limited authority,

What was a major economic challenge under the Articles of Confederation?

Multiple economic problems existed simultaneously

How many states needed to approve an action in Congress under the Articles of Confederation?

9 out of the 13 states

What specific powers did Congress lack under the Articles of Confederation?

Power to tax,Power to enforce congressional decisions, Power to regulate trade

When were the Articles of Confederation finally approved by all states?

1777

Why did the original meeting of delegates in Philadelphia differ from its stated purpose?

They wanted to completely replace the Articles of Confederation

What key differences existed between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan?

Representation in Congress

What major political groups emerged during the Constitution's ratification process?

Federalists and Anti-Federalists

What critical promise did Federalists make to address Anti-Federalist concerns?

To add a bill of rights through amendment

What characteristic distinguished the Constitutional Convention delegates from previous revolutionary leaders?

They were significantly younger