APWorld - 3.1

Ming Dynasty

Chinese dynasty known for cultural, political, and economic achievements, restoring Han rule after the Yuan and bringing stability to East Asia through innovation, prosperity, and exploration.

Manchu

a Tungusic ethnic group from northeastern China who founded the Qing Dynasty

Qing Dynasty

China's last imperial dynasty, founded by the Manchu people, which expanded its territory significantly and experienced both cultural flourishing and later struggles against Western powers

Kangxi

Qing emperor (r. 1662-1722). He oversaw the greatest expansion of the Qing Empire.

Emperor Qianlong

Qing ruler (r. 1736-1796), son of Kangxi expanded China's bounderies extensively. Would only rule for sixty years so as to not dishonor his grandfathe

Gutenberg Printing Press

Allowed manuscripts and books to be mass-produced. Lower costs, revolution in print technology and increase in literacy

Gunpower Empires

Large, multiethnic states in Southwest, Central and South Asia that relied of firearms to conquer and control territories

Ottoman Empire

a gunpowder empire that was the largest and most enduring of the great Islamic empires during this period; was a stronghold of Sunni Islam

Shah

the Safavid's equivalent to a king or emperor

Safavid Empire

a gunpowder empire that was established in the northern Azerbaijan region (Iran) and rose to power in the 16th century; was a stronghold of Shi'a Isalm

Mughal Empire

a gunpowder empire that was established in northern India and in the 1520s by Babur

Ghazi Ideal

a model for warrior life that blended the cooperative values of nomadic culture with the willingness to serve as a holy fighter for Islam

Castes

jatis; strict social groupings designated at birth; divides Hindu people into four categories

Ivan IV (Russia)

Ruled 1547-1584; expanded the Russian border eastward, increasing the reliance on the use of gunpowder for expansion

Tamerlane

A 14th-century Mongol-Turkic ruler who paved the way for later Turkic empires through brutal conquests across Persia and India.

Suleiman I (Ottoman Empire)

Ruled 1520-1566; the Ottoman Empire reached its peak under him; sent troops far into Christian Europe, causing great fear

Ismali (Safavid Empire)

an early Safavid military hero who conquered most of Persia and pushed into Iraq; conquered all of Iran at 14 or 15 years of age and was proclaimed shah in 1501

Shah Abbas I (Safavid Empire)

Ruled 1588–1629, leading the Safavid Empire at its peak with diverse troops and advanced military tech to strengthen religious and political control.

Akbar (Mughal Empire)

Babur’s grandson who advanced the Mughal Empire’s religious and political goals, fostering peace, trade, and merchant involvement in banking and crafts.