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Biological catalysts do what?
Increase the rate of aa reaction by lowering the activation energy
Forms transient complexes with substrate molecules
Lower activation energy
Changes only the rate at which equilibrium is achieved
What law do enzymes obey?
The 2nd law of thermodynamics
Can enzymes force unfavorable reactions?
Enzymes accelerate an energetically favorable reaction, BUT they cannot force unfavorable reactions to occur (only can make exergonic ones go)
Cells need to do just that to grow and divide
They build highly ordered and energy rich molecules from simple, small ones
This requires an INPUT of energy
What is free energy?
The energy that can be harvested to do work or drive chemical reactions
The greater free energy, the greater the amount of disorder in the universe
Chemical reactions proceed only in a direction that leads to a loss of free energy
Note 
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