Topic 3 (SERIO)

SERIO

Size

Electronegtivity

Resonance

Inductive effect

Orbital

Size

If molecules are in the same colum look at size

Larger molecules = stronger acid

Smaller molecules = Strong base

Electronegtivity

If molecules are in the same row look at electronegtivity

More electronegtive = stronger acid

Less electronegative = stronger base

Resonance

More = stronger acid

Less = stronger base

• Not always the case, check back on EN if negative charge moves to another element

Orbital

SP is a stronger acid than SP3

If lone pair is stuck than will be stronger base than a non stuck lone pair for same orbitals

Inductive effect

1. More EWG = stronger acid

2. Closer EWG makes a stronger acid

3. more electronegative EWGs make a stronger acid

Alkyl groups (CH groups)

The more alkyl groups the stronger the base

Which side does equilirbrium favor

the one with the weaker acid and base

IF PH<pkA

proton stays on

if PH > PKa

Proton stays off

define a base

• have lone pairs

• attack

Lewis acids and bases

can attack and lose metals, boron, carbon or hydrogens

Nucleophile

have a lone pair

attack the electrophile

electrophile

a little positive charge species that attracts electrons