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What is the Memory-Management Unit (MMU)?
A hardware device that maps virtual (logical) addresses to physical addresses at runtime.
Compare First-fit, Best-fit, and Worst-fit memory allocation.
First-fit: Allocate the first hole that is big enough.
Best-fit: Allocate the smallest hole that is big enough (leaves the smallest leftover).
Worst-fit: Allocate the largest hole (leaves the largest leftover).
What is DMA (Direct Memory Access)?
A feature that allows certain hardware subsystems to access main system memory independently of the CPU, moving data in blocks to reduce CPU overhead for I/O.
What information does the Linux command strace provide?
It traces system calls invoked by a process and the signals it receives.
What is the return value of fork() in the Parent vs. Child process?
Parent: Receives the PID of the newly created child.
Child: Receives 0.
Failure: Returns a negative value.