Introduction to Research Methods and Ethics

These flashcards cover key concepts and terms related to research methods and ethics as discussed in the lecture.

Knowledge

Familiarity, awareness or understanding of something, which is acquired through experiences or education.

Empiricism

The theory that knowledge comes primarily from sensory experience.

Deductive Reasoning

A method of reasoning from the general to the specific.

Inductive Reasoning

A method of reasoning from specific observations to broader generalizations.

Scientific Method

A systematic way of learning about the world that facilitates the development of reliable knowledge.

Hypothesis

A testable prediction that is derived from a theory.

Variable

Any factor or condition that can be controlled or changed in a scientific experiment.

Qualitative Research

Research that seeks to understand a phenomenon through in-depth analysis and interpretation of non-numerical data.

Quantitative Research

Research that focuses on quantifying relationships, behaviors, or phenomena, using numerical data.

Trial and Error

A problem-solving method involving testing various solutions until finding one that works.

Naturalistic Inquiry

Research conducted in a real-world setting without intervention from the researcher.

Verifiability

The ability for a study or experiment to be replicated by others in order to confirm findings.

Falsifiability

The principle that a hypothesis must be testable and potentially disproven.

Research Ethics

A set of guidelines ensuring the integrity and ethical treatment of research participants.

Informed Consent

A process requiring researchers to obtain voluntary agreement from participants before conducting research.

Reactivity

When participants change their behavior due to being observed in a study.

Ethnography

A qualitative research method focused on studying cultures through participant observation.

Action Research

A type of research aimed at creating change and enhancing practices in a specific context.