Aromaticity
What is the first of Hunckel’s rules of Aromaticity vs Antiaromatic?
Is the compound cyclic
What is the second of Hunckel’s rules of Aromaticity vs Antiaromatic?
Is the compound planar
What is the third of Hunckel’s rules of Aromaticity vs Antiaromatic?
Completely conjugated (all overlapping p-orbitals)
What is the fourth of Hunckel’s rules of Aromaticity vs Antiaromatic?
(4n+2) π electrons if aromatic; 4n π electrons if anti aromatic (where n is a whole number)
What is the shortcut for aromaticity in a cyclic compound without lone pairs?
If the number of π bonds is odd then the compound is aromatic, but if the number of π bonds is even then the compound is anti-aromatic.
What is the biggest thing that must be paid attention to when determining aromaticity?
Lone Pairs
Why does an aromatic compound not undergo electrophilic addition, but instead only undergoes substitution i the presence of a Lewis Acid?
This is because the aromatic system is stabilized by resonance, and electrophilic addition would disrupt this stability, whereas substitution preserves the aromatic character.
Orbitals above the non-bonding line in MO theory are called what?
The antiboding orbitals. which lead to instability if filled.
What do you call orbiatals below the non-bonding line in MO theory?
The bonding orbitals, which lead to stability.
What are the name of two or more orbitals at the same energy level?
Degenerate orbitals.
What us the Frost Circle diagram?
A graphical representation used to visualize the molecular orbitals of cyclic compounds, showing how atomic orbitals combine to form molecular orbitals.
How do you orient a compound inside of a frost circle?
The vertex is pointed down, and where the corners of the cyclic ring touch the circle are the orbitals.
For cyclic compounds with adjacent π bonds that are trans, similar to this picture. What happens?
The compound is strerically hindered and cannot be planar.
What is the common name of the following molecule?
Phenol (PhOH)
What is the common name of the following molecule?
Anisole
What is the common name of the following molecule?
Aniline
What is the common name of the following molecule?
benzoic acid
What is the common name of the following molecule?
benzaldehyde
What is the common name of the following molecule?
acetophenone
What is the common name of the following molecule?
toulene
What is the common name of the following molecule?
xylines (ortho-, meta-, para-)
What is the common name of the following molecule?
Styrene
As a substituent what is the following molecule known as?
Phenyl (ph) [C6H5-R]
As a substituent what is the following molecule known as?
benzyl (Br)