Substance Abuse and Violence Against Women

Substance Abuse

Misuse of drugs or alcohol affecting health.

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV)

Violence in relationships for power and control.

Cocaine Risks

Causes placental vasoconstriction, fetal oxygen deprivation.

PCP Effects

Hallucinogen causing hypertension and potential coma.

Ecstasy Risks

May impair childhood learning and memory.

Heroin Withdrawal Symptoms

High-pitched cry, vomiting, sweating in infants.

Methadone Treatment

Used to manage heroin withdrawal symptoms.

Detoxification

Process of removing substances from the body.

Maintenance Therapy

Long-term treatment to prevent substance relapse.

Urine Screenings

Tests to detect substance use in mothers.

Psychological Abuse

Manipulative behaviors causing emotional harm.

Physical Abuse

Infliction of bodily harm on a partner.

Sexual Abuse

Non-consensual sexual activities, including rape.

Cultural Hypermasculinity

Societal norms promoting male dominance and aggression.

Cycle of Abuse

Pattern of escalating aggression and reconciliation.

Violence Myths

False beliefs about the frequency and causes of abuse.

Low Socioeconomic Status

Economic disadvantage linked to increased violence risk.

Historical Factors

Past societal norms contributing to violence against women.

Abuse Reporting Statistics

Only 10% of abuse cases are reported.

Dependency in Relationships

Financial or emotional reliance preventing escape from abuse.

Relationship Conflict

Disagreements that can escalate to violence.

Battering Frequency

1 in 3 women experience violence in lifetime.

Intimate Partner Violence

Abuse occurring in same-sex relationships too.

Characteristics of Perpetrators

Insecurity, jealousy, and emotional immaturity define them.

Vulnerable Women

Perpetrators target women who are easily dominated.

Dependence Creation

Abusers foster reliance of women on them.

Nursing Assessment Focus

Respect, trust, and advocacy are crucial.

Client Listening

Help clients feel heard and validated.

Stress Myths

Abuse is not the victim's fault.

Signs of Abuse

Includes neuro, gyn, OB, GI, and psychological signs.

Neuro Signs

Headaches, migraines, and hearing loss indicate abuse.

Gyn Signs

Painful intercourse and frequent STIs are common.

OB Signs

Recurrent spontaneous abortions and late prenatal care.

GI Signs

Irritable bowel syndrome and lump in throat feeling.

Musculoskeletal Signs

Fibromyalgia and painful joints may signal abuse.

Psychological Signs

Includes panic, anxiety, and mood disorders.

Constitutional Signs

Sleep issues and poor concentration are indicators.

Trauma Indicators

Female organ injury and delayed symptom reporting.

Abuse Assessment Tool

Document findings in patient's own words.

Safety Plan

Identify contacts and safe places for escape.

Partner Behavior Observation

Monitor for controlling or agitated partner actions.

Sexual Assault Definition

Unwanted sexual touching or penetration described.

Rape Definition

Forced penetration involving physical and psychological coercion.

Nursing Care Management

Ask about violence privately and ensure confidentiality.

Power rape

Dominance motive; victim may seem to enjoy.

Anger rape

Retaliation motive; often violent against older women.

Sadistic rape

Motives include torture and mutilation.

Acquaintance rape

Victim knows perpetrator; trust is exploited.

Stranger rape

Victim and perpetrator are unknown to each other.

Common myths about rape

Misconceptions that misrepresent victims and perpetrators.

Date rape drugs

Sedatives used to incapacitate victims.

Rape Trauma Syndrome

Psychological effects following a rape incident.

Acute Phase

Initial disorganization; fear, shock, denial present.

Outward Adjustment Phase

Victim appears 'over it'; denial persists.

Reorganization Phase

Develops anxiety, phobias, and seeks counseling.

Integration and Recovery

Victim becomes an advocate post-trauma.

Silent Reaction

Victim never discusses the rape experience.

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Reexperiencing trauma; avoidance of reminders.

Nursing management

Role of SANE in sexual assault cases.

Evidence collection

Gathering physical evidence post-assault.

Emergency contraception

Morning-after pill to prevent pregnancy.

Psychological issues

Long-term effects include anxiety and depression.

Physical issues

Possible gynecological problems post-assault.

Victim's responsibility

Perpetrator, not victim, is accountable for assault.

Fighting back

May escalate violence; victims often fear this.