wxercise ohys 2A

Direct caliometry accesses energy expenditure through measurement of

Heat

Indirect caliometry accesses energy expenditure through measurement of

O2 consumption

The half and transformation allows calculation of the volume of air inspired from measured values of

All of the above

The amount of protien oxidation can be estimated from measures of

Urea production

The nonoprotieb RER for oxidation of carbohydrate as the sole fuel is about

1

The non portion RER for oxidation. Of fat as the sole fuel is about

0.7

The RER for oxidation of protien is about

0.818

An RER of about 1 would occur in

High intensity aerobic exercise(e.g. about 90% of VO2 max or higher)

RER can be greater than 1 when

A drop in blood pH causes CO2 to be released in excess of the metabolic VCO2 of the tissues

RER can be lower than 0.7 when

Blood bicarbonate is being replenished from CO2 produced by the tissues, resulting in less CO2 expired that is produced by the tissues

In VO2 max test, the subject generally uses a mask with a two way, non rebreathing valve. this means that the subject breathes in room air from one inlet and exhales it through a tube that is connected to spirometer(to measure the volume of expired sir) and O2 and CO2 analyzers determine percentages of theses gasses in the expired air

Nope, the fractions

The volume of air inspired needs to be known to determine how much O3 was inspired. Is this volume directly measured at the air intake side?

No, this can be back calculated from the volume. Of expired air (after adjusting for temp, humidity, and atm) and the fractions of O2 and CO2 in the expired air

Are oxygen consumption and CO2 production always the same

no these vary by the oxidative substrate(fat vs carb)

When RER is 1

Carbohydrate is essentially the only oxidative fuel

What is inspired VE x % O2 in the inspired air minus VE c % O2 in expired air

VO2

As anerobic workload ________ RER

Increases

A metabolic eq (1 MET) is

Both of the above

For an exercise like running in which a person needs to carry their own body mass, VO2 is best expressed as

Ml/ kg/ min

For an exercise like cycling on a flat course total power is more important to power relative body mass(bc the stylist doesn’t need to support their body mass) for cycling on a flat course, VO2 is best expressed

Liters/ min

For folks in their 70’s lower VO2 max is

Related to a higher risk of dying

Based on the chart showing median VO2 Mac values, Curris( the 35 year old featured in VO2 testing videos) has a VO2 max

Both of the above

A 26 year old woman who has a VO2 max of about 72 ml/kg/min is

Off the VO2 max charts regardless of age or sex

Any racing exercise event lasting more than 5 minutes is predominantly

Aerobic

A person is doing an exercise ramp in which workload is increased every three minutes. VO2 increases linearly with workload until it reaches a point where workload increases but VO2 no longer increases. this is most likely to be the point of

VO2 max

Aerobic training adaptations that increase VO2 max include all EXCEPT

Increase maximal heart rate

Which is a better measure of aerobic exercise workload

VO2

When the carbonic an hydrate reaction is replenishing blood bicarbonate after exercise, VCO2 measured at the breath____ actual tissue CO2 production

Lower than

When blood pH goes down, VCO2 measured at the breath is ____ actual tissue CO2 production

Greater than

When a person breathes in oxygen from a container and the exhaled oxygen goes back to that container during a procedure to measure oxygen consumption that’s

Closed circuit spirometer

In open-circuit spirometer, the procedure generally includes these EXCEOT

Direct measurement of volume inspire air

Which is the most direct measure of metabolic energy expenditure

Direct heat measurement

In open-circuit spirometer when Ve equal to Vi

When VCO2=VO2

In open circuit spirometer, which of these is calculated from measures of the other 2

%N2 in exhaled air

In closed-circuit spirometer which gas needs to be absorbed so that it does not built up in the gas in the breathing chamber

CO2

Closed circuit spirometer shown here measures what?

Oxygen consumption

Which is the component of total daily energy expenditure that a person chance from day to day and take a substantial impact on energy expenditure that day

Physical activity

Which is the largest component of total daily energy expenditure for someone who is not doing and enormous volumes of aerobic activity

Basal metabolic rate

What happens to basal metabolic rate w aging

Declines w age

One of the figures show that women have a slightly lower basal metabolic rate that men per unit of body surface area. What is a likely explanation

Women on average have a bit fat free mass than men

When resting metabolic rate(y-axis) is plotted against fat free mass(x-axis)

The slope is lower for men than women

Give body height and mass, will you be prepared to determine body surface area?

Learn it

Will you be able to calculate body surface area from height and weight using the Dubois formula

Yes

Heart rate and VO2 are

Approximately linearly related

Starting from 20s, VO2 max (on average)

Decreases w age

Factors underlying a decline in VO2 max (ml/kg/min) with age include all EXCEPT

Less brain activity

A runner who is more economical than another

Has a lower VO2 at a given speed compared to the other runner

CO2 is related to speed and body mad for

Walking and running

VO2 is lowest for what kind of walking?

Downhill

Running velocity is dependent on

Stride frequency and length

Swimming economy is ____ by training and _____ in cold water that causes shivering

Improved; decreased

One of the figures in your textbook refers to immediate energy system that is dominant in brief maximal events(e.g. 6 seconds) what is this system?

Creating kinase reaction

One of the figures in your textbook refers to the “ short-term energy system” that is dominant in maximal events about 30 seconds to 2 minutes what is this system?

Glycolysis with lactate production

One of the figures in your textbook refers to the long term energy stutter that becomes predominant in events lasting longer t than about 2 minutes this system is

Aerobic metabolism

In a maximal events lasting a couple of minutes, the short term energy system produced the most ATP but which systems contribute to total ATP production in this event

All of the above

The contribution of phosophocrestine to ATP production(in terms of percent contribution to overall ATP production)

Decreases as event duration increases

As exercise intensity increases from 30% of VO2 max to 150% of VO2 max use of glycogen

Increases

A stair sprint can be used to measure power because either involves

All of the above ( power= force x distance/time)

Who has higher VO2max? (this refers to males because that’s the data shown in the textbook.  The same applies for females).

active males

Who has higher VO2max? (this refers to males because that’s the data shown in the textbook.  The same applies for females).

younger male

When VO2 is plotted against heart rate for submaximal aerobic exercise and then the line is extrapolated to estimated maximal heart rate, this allows determination of

VO2 max

Why might someone want to predict VO2max instead of measure it?

all of the above and probably a slew more reasons