urology pathology 2

orange

1 nephropathy

disease of the kidneys (general)

1 glomerulonephritis

inflammation of the glomeruli (cluster of blood vessels in kidneys)

1 pyelonephritis

inflammation of renal pelvis and calyces of the kidney (urine drainage system), usually result of lower uti

1 hydronephrosis

dilation of renal pelvis and calyces, results from obstruction of the flow of urine

1 nephroptosis

prolapse of sagging of kidney

1 renal failure

inability of kidneys to excrete wastes, concentrate urine and conserve electrolytes

1 acute renal failure (ARF)

sudden inability of kidneys to excrete wastes, results from hemorrhage, trauma, burns, toxic injury to kidney, infection or lower urinary tract obstruction

1 chronic renal failure (CRF)

long term inability of kidney to excrete wastes

1 renal hypertension

high blood pressure secondary to kidney disease

1 renal sclerosis

hardening of the arteries in the kidneys, also known as nephrosclerosis

2 cystitis

inflammation of the urinary bladder

2 cystocele

herniation of the urinary bladder

2 ureterocele

prolapse of the terminal end of the ureter into the bladder

2 urethral stenosis

narrowing of the urethra, also called urethra stricture

2 urethritis

inflammation of the urethra

2 vesicoureteral reflux

abnormal backflow of urine from the bladder to the ureter

3 renal adenoma

small, slow growing, noncancerous tumors of the kidney

3 renal oncosytoma

the most common benign solid renal tumor

3 transitional cell papilloma

also called bladder papilloma

3 renal cell carcinoma

cause unknown, risk factors include smoking and obesity

3 nephroblastoma

also called wilms tumor, from kidney cells that did not develop fully before birth, mainly in children

3 transitional cell carcinoma

in cells lining the bladder