Human Physio-Exam 2

the image projected upon the retina is inverted

True

an average field of vision is 90 degrees for a person

False

there are three types of comes each sensitive to a primary of light (red, blue, green)

True

having a visual acuity of 20/30 means what you can see at 30 feet clearly, the average normal person sees at 20 feet

False

this Snellen eye chart detects astigmatism (the one wit the big E at the top)

False

the air puff test taken at the eye doctor is checking for signs of glaucoma

True

what structure regulates the amount of light passing to the visual receptors of the eye

Iris

obstructions of the canal of Schlemm interferes with

the drainage of aqueous humor

looking at a distant object involves a(n)

change in the shape of the lens

which is NOT part of the middle tunic (layer)

cornea

a nearsighted person

may have an eyeball that is abnormally long

the function of the ciliary muscle of the eye is

to focus the lens for clear vision

the optic disc (blindspot) of the eye is sensitive to

neither light nor color

Rhodopsin (visual purple) is found in the

rods

“Don’t fire until you see the whites of their eyes!“ this is referring to the

sclera

the part of the eye whose loss of transparency is called a cataract is the

lens

which type of cell in the retina is most sensitive to low levels of light and would be helpful on a moonlit walk

rod cells

from a song popular in the twenties: “five foot two, eyes of blue, koochie, koochie, koochie koo“refers to the

iris

an image focused upon the ____ is seen with the sharpest, brightest color

fovea centralis

what is astigmatism?

a distorted curvature of the lens or cornea

if a person sees the normal grid on the left as the image on the right, this person may have

macular degeneration

which of the following is the conjunctiva associated with? (pick two)

the inner eyelid, anterior sclera

turning eyes inward to see something close

convergence

ability to judge objects that are nearer or farther than others

depth perception

seeing things outside the center of your gaze (out of the corner of your eye)

peripheral vision

changing the shape of the lens to see near or far

accomodation

sharpness or detail seen in an image

visual acuity

jellylike fluid found in posterior cavity; maintain shape of the eye

vitreous humor

one of the six extrinsic muscles of the eye

medial rectus

contains photoreceptors

retina

causes a blinking reflex when dust hits them

eyelashes

watery fluid maintaining the anterior shape of the eye

aqueous humor

connects the lens and ciliary body

suspensory ligaments

produces aqueous humor

ciliary body

produces tears

lacrimal humor

the majority of the cranial nerves are ___ nerves

motor

if the Broca’s area has been damaged by a stroke, the patient

has trouble saying what he wants to communicate

which cell in the CNS controls what substances come in contact with the neuron? it connects the neuron and capillaries. it also produces scar tissue at injured areas

astrocyte

the vasamotor center of the brainstem is in charge of

blood pressure

which cell in the PNS covers the cell body and controls what substances come in contact with it

satellite cell

which is NOT part of the brainstem

spinal cord

the ___ gland secretes melatonin in response to light. it helps to regulate your biological clock and circadian rhythms

pineal

a group of cell bodies is referred to as a

ganglion

cerebrospinal fluid is produced by the

choroid plexus

maintaining homeostasis (internal balance) is the main job of the:

hypothalamus

the pituitary gland is connected to the hypothalamus by the:

infundibulum

your visual and auditory reflex centers are found in the

corpora quadrigemina

the relay station that directs incoming sensory information to the correct cerebral lobe for interpretation is the

thalamus

myelinated fibers make up ___ matter

white

this is classified as a ___ neuron

multipolar

which part is responsible for your emotions and make decisions based on your emotions

limbic system

the optic chiasma

represents a point where some optic nerve fibers from both eyes cross over

your reasoning, intelligence, and interpretation of sensory impulses are centered in your

cerebrum

the sense of taste is interpreted in the ___ lobe of the cerebrum

parietal

which cell lines the ventricles in the brain? its cilia help to circulate the CSF

ependymal cell

which cell carries out phagocytosis in the CNS, destroying bacteria and other unwanted substances

microglial cell

all skeletal muscle movement are started in the ___ lobe of the cerebrum

frontal

which cell provides a myelin sheath for axons of the CNS

oligodendrocyte

the circled region indicates a(n)

dendrite

the basal ganglia (basal nuclei) respond to the neurotransmitter ___. Parkinson’s disease patients are lacking this

dopamine

the cortical homunculus shows that huge areas of the cerebral cortex control the muscle movement of the

mouth

neurons that send messages toward the brain and spinal cord are:

sensory neurons

which 2 brain parts help to move movements smooth and coordinated

cerebellum, basal ganglia (basal nuclei)

gap between 2 neurons

synapse

a group of axons

nerve

cell that picks up information about your envirnment (sending it to a sensory neuron )

receptor

a muscle or gland (connected to a motor neuron )

effector

microtubule in the neuron

neurofibril

branch of an axon

collateral

help the neuron to pick up information from other neurons

dendritic spines

these speed up the message using saltatory conduction

nodes of Ranvier

contains the synaptic vesicles and neurotransmitters

synaptic knobs

the rough ER; make proteins and transports them throughout the neuron

chromatophilic substance (nissl bodies)

cell membrane of Schwann cell; important in the repair of damaged neurons

neurilemma

neuroglial cells have a variety of jobs, including sending the nerve impulse in the CNS

False

the oculomotor, optic, abducens, and olfactory nerve al deal with the eyeball and sight

False

ventricles are special areas of white matter whithin the brain

False

the axon hillock is the area of where the axon meets the cell body. Many neurofibrils are present for extra support

True

tremors and shuffling when walking are both associated with Parkinson’s disease

True

most of the neuron’s organelles are found in the axon

False

the brain and spinal cord make up the peripheral nervous system

False

most people can pur 4-9 items into their short term memory at one time

True

there are 3 swellings in the embryo that develop into the brain. they are the forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain

True

Myelinated fibers send the nerve impulse faster that unmyelinated fibers

True

your nervous system has ten times more neurons than neuroganglia cells

False

cerebrospinal fluid is clear in color and is replaced approximately once every six months

False

the three layers of the heart, in order, from outside to inside are: epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium

True

the tricuspid valve is also called the mitral valve

False

both of the tricuspid and bicuspid valves beep the blood from backing up into the atria

True

the bicuspid valve has two points of attachment

True

the bicuspid valve is responsible for the ‘Dup‘

False

the semilunar valves has chordae tendineae attached to them

False

the pulmonary semilunar valve keeps blood from backing up into the left ventricle

False

blood going through the aortic semilunar valve is deoxygenated

False

which chamber of the heart has the thickest walls

left ventricle

in which chamber do you find the papillary muscles

ventricles

what type of muscle is found in the myocardium

cardiac

the fossa ovalis is located in the ___ septum

inter atrial

what is the purpose of the papillary muscles

anchor the valves

blood in the coronary sinus is coming from the ___ and going to the

____ right Atrium