Lecture Notes Video: Dosage Calculations and Antipsychotics (Vocabulary Flashcards)

60 vocabulary-style flashcards covering key ideas from the dosage calculations and antipsychotics notes.

Dosage calculations

The process of determining the amount of drug to give based on prescribed strength and patient data.

Simple dosage calculations

Basic methods using straightforward ratios to compute the dose.

Calculate the dose

Determine the exact amount of drug to administer from concentration and dose ordered.

Prescribed dose

The amount of drug specified by a clinician to be given.

On-hand dose

The amount of medication currently available for administration.

Division rule small to big

When converting from a smaller unit to a larger unit, divide.

Multiplication rule big to small

When converting from a larger unit to a smaller unit, multiply.

Times (multiply) rule

The operation used to scale dose when moving from larger to smaller units.

Proportion method

A dosage calculation method using cross-multiplication of two ratios.

Proctoring

Supervising an exam to prevent cheating.

Antipsychotics

Drugs used to treat psychosis by affecting dopamine pathways.

Major antipsychotics

Traditional (typical) antipsychotics; older class that mainly blocks D2 receptors.

Antipsychotic safety

Practices to minimize adverse effects and interactions with antipsychotics.

Concentration

Amount of drug per unit volume (e.g., mg/mL).

Strength

Amount of active drug per dosage unit (e.g., mg per tablet).

Dose form

The physical form of a drug (tablet, liquid, injection).

Concentration equation

Dose = Concentration × Volume; used to calculate doses from solutions.

Cross-multiplication

Using a proportion to solve for an unknown by multiplying extremes and means.

Proportion

A statement that two ratios are equal, used in dose calculations.

Milligram

Unit of mass commonly used in medication dosing.

Milliliter

Unit of volume used for liquid medications.

Tablet strength

Amount of active drug contained in each tablet.

Liquid dosing

Administering medication in liquid form, often with mg/mL.

Pediatric dosing

Dosing considerations for children, often based on weight or age.

Dose verification

Double-checking the calculated dose for accuracy.

Medication administration record

Document listing drugs given to a patient, with dosages and times.

Safety check

Verification steps to ensure safe medication administration.

Converting units

Changing measurements from one unit to another using conversion factors.

Converting mg to g

1000 mg equals 1 g; used for unit conversions.

Converting mL to L

1000 mL equals 1 L; used for unit conversions.

Dose per administration

The amount given at each dosing event.

Daily dose

Total amount of drug to be taken in one day.

Therapeutic range

Drug concentration range that achieves efficacy without toxicity.

Common units

Frequently used units in dosing, such as mg, mL, mg/mL.

Dose calculation example

A worked problem used to illustrate how to compute a dose.

Drug administration

Process of delivering a drug to a patient via the correct route and dose.

Unit

A standard measure in dosing (e.g., mg, mL).

Division

Arithmetic operation that splits a quantity into equal parts.

Multiplication

Arithmetic operation that scales a quantity by a factor.

Unit conversion

Changing a measurement from one unit to another (e.g., mg to g).

Proportional reasoning

Using proportional relationships to determine unknown doses.

Calculation accuracy

The degree to which a calculated dose matches the intended dose.

Medication error prevention

Systems and checks to minimize prescribing, dispensing, and administering mistakes.

Accuracy in dosage

Ensuring the prescribed dose is calculated and given correctly.

Baseline dosage calculation steps

Typical sequence: identify order, determine concentration, perform math, verify.

Cross-checking calculations

Repeating calculations or using a second method to confirm results.

Medication form

The physical form of a drug (tablet, capsule, liquid, injection).

Syrup dosing

Dosing liquid medication that comes as a syrup, often with mg/mL.

Injection dosing

Administering medications by injection (IM, IV, SC).

Oral dosing

Dosing medications by mouth.

Typical antipsychotics

Another term for major antipsychotics; first-generation agents.

Atypical antipsychotics

Second-generation antipsychotics with broader receptor activity.

Exam proctoring in dosage tests

Supervising dosage calculation exams to prevent cheating.

Homework completion

Completing assigned practice problems before class.

Practice problem

A sample calculation used to practice dosage math.

Dose rounding

Rounding calculated doses to the nearest conventional unit.

Day-to-day dosing

Routine dosing schedule across days.

Administration route

The path by which a drug is given (oral, IV, IM, etc.).

Patient factors in dosing

Individual factors like weight and organ function affecting dose.

Pharmacy concentration

Prepared concentration of a drug in a pharmacy setting (e.g., mg/mL).