Civic and Urban

network; horizontal

What is Civic Engagement?

dense ____ of ____ interaction

hierarchal; transactional

Civic Engagement is:

non-______

non-________

deomocracy

Why does Civic Engagement Matter?

it makes _____ work

trust; reciprocity; spiritedness; civic

The four micro-level consequences

1. _____

2. norms of ____

3. public-_____

4. ____ skills

dense networks of horizontal interaction

non-hierarchal

non-transactional

What is Civic Engagement?

it makes democracy work and contributes trust, norms of reciprocity, public-spiritedness and civic skills

Why does Civic Engagement Matter?

selfish; wary cooperators; cheating; punishment; genetics

Alford and Hibbing argue that people are not naturally just ___ or just altruistic. Instead, they are “___ _____” who want to cooperate with their group but are highly sensitive to ____ and unfairness. The authors use that idea to explain political attitudes on ___, welfare, war, and trust in government, and they also argue that ____ influences political orientations more than political scientists usually admit

biology; wary

Main argument

• Political behavior is shaped partly by evolutionary ___, not just environment or rational choice.

• Humans are “___ cooperators” = willing to cooperate, but only if others do too.

in-group; cheating; stop

altruistic (selfless); conditional

Key concept: Wary cooperation

Humans tend to:

• cooperate with ______

• watch for ____

• punish unfairness

• ___ cooperating if others cheat

Likely test idea

Humans are:

• not purely selfish

• not purely _____

• cooperative, but _____

reject; fairness

Important evidence

Ultimatum game

• People ___ unfair offers even if it costs them.

• Shows people care about ____ + punishment, not just self-interest.

in-group; dislike; noncooperators; institutions; reputation; cheating

6 group behaviors to know

1. cooperate with ______

2. ____ out-group

3. punish/banish ______

4. encourage others through norms, _______, or moral codes to do 1, 2, and 3

5. care about status/____

6. stop helping if ____ goes unpunished

death; comply; welfare; loyalty; control

Political examples they connect it to

• ____ penalty = justice/punishment

• taxes = people ____ if others do too

• _____ = support drops if recipients seem undeserving

• war = strong in-group ___ + out-group conflict

• government/institutions = created to ___ cheaters and selfish leaders

attitudes; inherited; punishment

Genetics point

• Political ___ may be partly heritable

• authors use twin studies

• not “one politics gene,” but ____ tendencies matter

Big takeaway

Politics grows out of human instincts about:

• cooperation

• fairness

• cheating

• ______

• group loyalty

threat; selfishness; obsessed; sabotage

Pat Riley argues that the greatest ____ to a successful team is not outside competition but internal ____. After success, people may become ____ with credit, status, and rewards, which creates jealousy, entitlement, and division. If leaders do not manage that, the team begins to ____ itself from within.

success; own

Main idea

• Teams often break down after ___, not before it.

• Riley calls this “The Disease of Me” = when people stop thinking about the team and start thinking about their ___ credit, status, and rewards

jealousy; cliques; focus

What caused the problem

• success

• ego

• _____

• greed

• resentment

• ____

• too much ___ on stars/media attention

important; deserve

Definition to know

• When the Disease of Me hits, people act like “I’m the one” and believe they are more ____ than the team.

Most likely test concept

• Riles’ Rule of the Reverse 20/80:

  • people who create 20% of the results

  • start believing they ____ 80% of the rewards

attention; resentful; leadership

have; backups

Example from article

• After the Lakers won, Magic Johnson got huge ___.

• Other players felt ignored, jealous, and ____.

• That led to cliques, weak ___, and team sabotage.

Important leadership lesson

• “The team on the court is the team of the moment.”

• Leaders should motivate the players they ___, not make them feel like ___ to one star.

dangerous; falling; emotionally

What to know to understand the article

• Riley thinks success is ____ because it can make people selfish.

• A team can look fine on the outside but already be ___ apart inside.

• Team collapse usually starts _____, then turns into subconscious sabotage.

personal; yourself; loss; internal

Key signs of the Disease of Me

• resentment of teammates

• wanting ____ attention

• playing for ___, not the group

• cliques/rivalries

• lack of leadership

• __ of joy/unity

Big takeaway

• The biggest threat to a successful team is often ___ selfishness, not outside competition.

die; constitution; legitimate; weakened

Levitsky and Ziblatt argue that democracies today usually ___ when elected leaders weaken institutions from within, and that the best protection is not just a _____, but strong parties and strong democratic norms like accepting opponents as ___ and using power with restraint. They believe those protections _____ in the United States long before Trump, which is why his rise was so dangerous.

slowly;

Main argument

• Democracies today usually die ___, not by coups (takeovers).

• Elected leaders can weaken democracy from within using legal institutions.

Big idea to know

• Democracy is not protected by the Constitution alone.

• It also depends on strong democratic norms