Q3 Academic Vocabulary Flashcards

Bandwagon

"Everyone is doing it so you should too."
appeals to popularity

Name calling

links a person, or idea, to a negative symbol

transfer

links a person or idea to something respected or revered

fear

warns the audience that disaster will result if they do not follow a particular course of action

plain folks

trying to show that a person or product is good for "ordinary" people because a person is "just like you and understands you"

bad logic

reasoning is deliberately manipulated to promote a cause

Unwarranted Extrapolation

making huge predictions about the future on the basis of a few small facts

Glittering Generalities

using words that sound good but don't have a definite meaning

testimonial

Relies on endorsements from well-known people or satisfied customers

Propaganda

information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view.

claim

the writer's position on an issue or problem

argument

A claim put forth and supported by evidence in order to persuade

Counterclaim/Counterargument

A solid and reasonable argument that opposes or disagrees with your claim

Rebuttal

A written or verbal response to a counterclaim

Refutation

the reasoning used to disprove an opposing point

Types of refutation

evidence, logic, minimization

concession

the author allows that some of what the opposing argument is claiming is true

Ethos

credibility

Pathos

emotional appeal

Logos

an appeal based on logic or reason

rhetorical appeals

the use of emotional, ethical, and logical arguments to persuade in writing or speaking

Timeliness

within a reasonable time frame

authority

A reliable, respected source—someone with knowledge.

Relevance

the relation of something to the matter at hand

purpose

the goal the author or speaker wants to achieve

Allegory

a story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one.

Satire

the use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues.

Novella

a short novel

Indirect rebuttal

A refutation that minimizes but does not directly disprove a counterclaim

Direct Rebuttal

A refutation that clearly disproves a counterclaim with credible evidence or logical reasoning