HAP Connective Tissues + Muscle and Nervous Tissues + Tissue Membranes

Areolar (Loose Connective) → structure, cell, matrix, function

Structure:
-Cells: fibroblasts (versatile) + adipocytes (cushion) + WBC (immunity)
-Matrix: collagen (not much…for strength) + elastic fibers (resilience) + reticular (soft)
-High in polysaccharides to make loose (ground tissue)

Function:
- Diffusion and movement (binds skin and muscle)

VERY VASCULAR

Adipose (Loose Connective) → structure, cell, matrix, function

Structure:
-Cells: adipocyte
-Matrix: elastic, reticular, and collagen fibers
-EASY TO HEAL CUZ VERY VASCULAR

Function:
- has triglycerides for expanding/shrinking and storage of lipids (born with set amount of adipocytes)

Tendons and Ligaments (Dense Regular) → structure, cell, matrix, function

Structure:
-Cells: fibroblasts (versatile)
-Matrix: collagen fibers (strength/thickness)
- Has stacked fibers

Function:
- Tendon: muscle to bone
- Ligament: bone to bone
- STRONG IN ONE DIRECTION ONLY
- HARD
- A LITTLE VASCULAR

Reticular Tissue (Dense Irregular) → structure, cell, matrix, function

Structure:
-Cells: fibroblasts
-Matrix: collagen and elastic fibers
-thick polysaccharides for ground tissue

Function:
- support, protection, and flexibility
-MOVEMENT IN MANY DIRECTIONS (strong fibers)
- SOFT
- NOT VERY VASCULAR
-(ex.) fascia: connects skin to muscle (can tangle → roll out)

3 Types of Cartilage (Connective Tissue) → structure, cell, matrix, function

Structure:
-Cells: chondrocytes
-Matrix: collagen, proteoglycan (protein chains), and polysaccharides (thickness)

Function:
-covering ends of bone
-AVASCULAR (slower healing)
-does diffusion for healing/nutrients
1. Hyaline Cartilage: covers bone, flexible/strong, lots of collagen
2. Fibrocartilage: intervertebral disks, has collagen for strength, and is the least flexible
3. Elastic Cartilage: fibers that stretch, support/shape, has collagen (ex. ears)

Bone (Connective Tissue) → structure, cell, matrix, function

Structure:
-Cells: osteocyte
-Matrix: collagen fibers for strength and calcium phosphate for hardening
-CENTRAL CANAL HAS BLOOD AND NERVES

Function:
-VERY VASCULAR → QUICK HEALING
-Lacunae: small cavities in the bones (osteocytes in it)
-Central Canal: has blood and nerves for quick healing

Blood (Connective Tissue) → structure, cell, matrix, function

Structure:
-Cells: red blood cells for transportation of O2 and CO2, which blood cells for fighting disease, and platelets for blood clotting
-Matrix: plasma

Function:
-transportation (RBC)
-protection (P’s)
-immunity (WBC)

Skeletal Muscle Tissue → structure, function, location

Structure:
-Cells: striations and MULTINUCLEATED

Function:
- VOLUNTARY AND STRIATED

Location:
- between bones, entrance points on body

Cardiac Muscle Tissue → structure, function, location

Structure:
-Cells: intercalated disks that connect muscle tissue to contract
-have gap junctions and desmosomes (adhesion)
-ONE NUCLEUS (balanced) and MITOCHONDRIA

Function:
- INVOLUNTARY AND NON STRATIFIED/BRANCHED
-contractions (pumping blood)

Location:
-in the heart (myocardium)

Smooth Muscle Tissue → structure, function, location

Structure: (weak ish)
-Vasoconstriction: the narrowing of blood vessels (decreased blood flow)
-Vasodilation: the widening of blood vessels (increased blood flow)

Function:
- INVOLUNTARY AND NON STRATIFIED
- peristalsis: a series of involuntary, wave-like muscle CONTRACTIONS that move food through the digestive tract, or other tubular organs
-CONTRACTS involuntary organs, moving them

Location:
-bladder and uterus
-arteries and veins

Nervous Tissue → structure, cell, matrix, function

Structure:
- Neuron: amitotic (doesn’t do mitosis)
- Neuroglia: mitotic (does mitosis) and the glue that holds this tissue together

Function:
-irritability: detects and responds
-conductivity: transmits electricity
-specialized to receive and send electrical impulses

Areolar

Adipose

Tendons (muscle to bone) and Ligaments (bone to bone)

Reticular

Hyaline Cartilage

Fibrocartilage

Elastic Cartilage

Bone

Blood

Skeletal Muscle

Cardiac Muscle

Smooth Muscle

Nervous Tissue

What is a tissue membrane?

-a combination of tissues, epithelial and connective, that cover or line parts of your body

Synovial Membrane (name type of tissue, location in body, and function)

Type of Tissue:
- connective: areolar

Location in the body:
- lines the joints (shoulder, elbow, knee)

Function:
- lubricates the joints

Mucous Membrane (name type of tissue, location in body, and function)

Types of Tissues:
- connective: areolar
-epithelial: simple columnar and simple squamous

Location in the body:
- internal surfaces
- wet areas
- digestive and respiratory systems

Function:
- diffusion, protection, secretion, or absorption

Serous Membrane (name type of tissue, location in body, the function, and types of layers)

Types of Tissues:
- connective: areolar
-epithelial: simple squamous

Location in the body/Function:
- covers organs, NOT open to the outside
-Pericardium(around the heart
-Pleura (around the lungs)
-peritoneum (abdominal cavity)

Layers:
1. Visceral Layer (covers/actually touches the heart)
2. Serous Fluid (decreases friction)
3. Parietal Layer (lines/outside)

Cutaneous Membrane (name type of tissue, location in body, and function)

Types of Tissues:
- connective: areolar and adipose
- epithelial: stratified squamous

Location in the body:
- skin (covers exposed surfaces)
-dry areas

Function:
- protection

Name the Tissue Membrane: Provide smooth surfaces and secretes lubricating fluid between bones

Synovial

Name the Tissue Membrane: Functions in absorption and secretion in moist membranes

Mucous

Name the Tissue Membrane: Function to reduce friction around a beating heard

Serous

Name the Tissue Membrane: Serves as protection from external stress and water loss

Cutaneous

Name the Tissue Membrane: Lines cavities surrounding joints

Synovial

Name the Tissue Membrane: Peritoneum (around internal organs), pleura (around lungs), and pericardium (around heart)

Serous

Name the Tissue Membrane: Makes up the skin

Cutaneous

Name the Tissue Membrane: Lines the digestive tract; stomach and small intestines (simple columnar)

Mucous

Name the Tissue Membrane: Stratified squamous epithelial and loose connective tissue (areolar and adipose)

Cutaneous

Name the Tissue Membrane: Only composed of connective tissue

Synovial