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Resultant Amplitude
A_R = 2Acos(Φ/2) for two identical sinusoidal waves.
Resultant Phase Shift
The resultant wave’s phase is shifted by Φ⁄2 relative to the original waves.
Resultant Frequency
Equal to the frequency of the individual waves.
Resultant Wavelength
Equal to the wavelength of the individual waves.
Linear Wave Equation
A differential equation whose solutions obey superposition.
Linearity Condition
Small amplitudes ensure restoring forces remain proportional to displacement.
Standing Wave
A pattern formed by two identical waves traveling in opposite directions.
Sound Interference
Spatial variations in loudness due to constructive and destructive interference.
Complex Waveform
A wave formed by superposition of many different waves.
Key Reflection Rule
Fixed boundary → inverted; free boundary → not inverted.
Key Superposition Rule
Displacements add point by point.
Key Interference Rule
Phase difference determines amplitude.