cell bio lab 1

Fimbria

condenser lens

diaphragm

scanning power

• ocular lens magnification: 10x

• object lenes magnification: 4x

• total 40x

low power

• ocular lens magnification: 10x

• object lenes magnification: 10x

• total 100x

high power

• ocular lens magnification: 10x

• object lenes magnification: 40x

• total 400x

oil immersion

• ocular lens magnification: 10x

• object lenes magnification: 100x

• total 1000x

property “e” demonstrated

inversion

property “colored thread” demonstrated

depth

light microscope

light bounce off

electron microscope

pass through

why Robert Hooke important in cell biology?

saw a cell wall in a cork and coined the term "cell"

electron microscope invented?

1930s

Transmisson electron microscope

• Embedded in resin and thinner sections

• It shows the internal cellular structure

Scanning Electron Microscope

• Covered in thin layer of gold or other metal

• Shows surface detail and structure

4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole

DAPI = blue

Tetramethylrhodamine

TRITC = bright orange

Allophycocyanin

APC = Red

Green fluorescent protein

GFP = Green

unique about the dyes used in fluorescent microcopy?

The dyes absorb light at one wavelength and give off light at a different wavelength

light microscope invented?

1600s

Antoni van Leeuwenhoek the first to do?

observed living microscopic organisms

stage clip

lamp

base

fine focus knob

coarse focus knob

mechanical stage knobs

stage

aperture

objective lens

nose peice

arm

Cell wall

Outer membrane

Plasmid

Ribosomes

DNA

Cytoplasmic membrane

Preoxisome

Lysosome

Mitochondria

Golgi body

Rough Er

Centrioles

Plasma membrane

Cytoplasm

Nucleus

Nucleolus

Nucleus function

• Store cell DNA

• Control gene expression

• Mediate DNA replication

Rough Er function

• Modify, fold , and synthesize proteins

• Insert, secrete into membranes or delivery

Smooth Er function

• Synthesize lipids and steroids (cholesterol and sex hormones)

• Has a role in carbohydrate metabolism

Mitochondria function

• Generate cell energy or ATP

• by cellular respiration

Plasma membrane function

• Acts as a barrier

• Control what enters and exits

• Provide structural support

• Communicate with receptors and markers

• Have cell processing with endocytosis and exocytosis

Chloroplast function

• Photosynthesis

• Turn light energy into glucose using chlorophyll

Golgi Apparatus (function)

• modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids from ER

• deliver outside the cell or inside

Peroxisomes (function)

• breakdown fatty acids and toxic substances

• synthesis essential lipids manage reactive oxygen species

Centrioles (function)

organize microtubules that serve as the cell's skeletal system

Nucleolus (function)

produce and assemble the cell's ribosome

Lysosome function

• digest and recycle cells

• use hydrolytic enzymes to break down waste products, cellular debris, and foreign materials

Cell Wall function (plants and fungi only)

structural support & maintaining the cell's shape

3 most common bacterial cell shapes

rod, round, spiral

Nucleus

Nucleolus

Cell Wall

Plasma membrane

Golgi Body

Central Vacuole

Chloroplast

Mitochondria

substance found in the cell walls of bacteria is important in Gram-staining?

peptidoglycan

two dyes used in the Gram-Staining process

• crystal violet

• safranin

Gram-positive

purple

Gram-negative

pink-red

T4 phage

Tobacco mosaic virus

Adenovirus

HIV

Nucleus

Smooth ER

Golgi Body

Plasma membrane

Cytoplasm

Rough ER

Centrioles

Nucleolus