Cambridge Biology - 20.4-20.5 "Types of Pollution"

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14 Terms

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Greenhouse Effect is caused by:

Co2 and Methane trapping solar radiation close to the Earth, heating it up.

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Effects of the Greenhouse Effect:

  • Global Warming.

  • Harsh Climates.

  • High Seas from melting ice.

  • Desertification.

  • Larger insect vectors.

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Solutions to the Greenhouse Effects:

Reduce burning fossil fuels, cutting down trees, and planting more trees.

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Acid Rain is caused by:

Oxides (NO, No2, So2) forming in the clouds, which dissolve in water.

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Effects of Acid Rain:

  • Acidic Soil

  • Inhibition of natural decomposition.

  • Trees and marine life dying.

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Solutions to Acid Rain:

By cleaning whenever fuel is combusted (i.e. cars, powerplants) oxides are released.

Crushed Limestone can help reverse the effects of acid rain in bodies of water.

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Effects of Non-biodegradable Plastics:

  • Blocked waterways.

  • Poisoning of marine life by consumption.

  • Inhibiting natural decomposition.

  • Releases toxic fumes when burned.

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Female Contraceptive Hormones

Hormones that are found in urine, which can pollute water. This causes sperm count to decrease in males, and feminization of marine life.

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Leaching of Pesticides is caused by:

Overuse of pesticides in agriculture.

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Effects of Pesticides:

Pesticide levels are amplified and concentrated as they pass through the food chain, reaching lethal amounts in the top predators.

  • Bleeding Tissues/Defects.

  • Worsened Metabolism.

  • Death.

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Solutions to Pesticides:

Using biodegradable pesticides, predators that kill pests, and stronger strains of crops.

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Eutrophication is caused by:

High amount of nutrients polluting water via:

  • Leaching.

  • Input of raw sewage, manure, or biomass.

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Effects of Eutrophication:

Depletion of oxygen and death of invertebrate. High nitrate levels are dangerous to human babies.

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Solution to Eutrophication:

  • Treating sewage.

  • Preventing pollution by pesticides leaking.

  • Bubbling air into ponds.

  • Spacing trees with leaves (containing nutrients) that fall away from water.

  • Control use of Fertilizers.