rubenstein ap human chapter 5: religion review

A group of languages that share a common origin but have since evolved into individual languages is a:

A. dialect
B. language family
C. language group
D. language branch

D. language branch

A group of languages that share a common ancestor before recorded history is a:

A. dialect
B. language family
C. language group
D. language branch

B. language family

The second-largest language family is:

A. Indo-European
B. Sino-Tibetan
C. Austronesian
D. Afro-Asiatic

B. Sino-Tibetan

When languages are depicted as leaves on trees, the roots of the trees below the surface represent:

A. dialects
B. language groups
C. language families
D. possible prehistoric superfamilies

D. possible prehistoric superfamilies

When languages are depicted as leaves on trees, the trunks of the trees represent
dialects:

A. dialects
B. language groups
C. language families
D. possible prehistoric superfamilies

C. language families

Germanic invaders of England included all but which tribe?

A. Angles
B. Saxons
C. Jutes
D. Normans

D. Normans

Both the Angles and the Normans contributed to the development of the English language, because they:

A. spoke Germanic languages
B. invaded England
C. spoke languages derived from Latin
D. diffused English around the world

B. invaded England

English is the most important language in North America primarily because of:

A. the diffusion of English colonies
B. the Norman conquest
C. the global dominance of the United States
D. official government policy

A. the diffusion of English colonies

The first speakers of the language that evolved into English were tribes that lived in present-day:

A. France
B. Denmark
C. United States
D. Roman Empire

B. Denmark

English is part of which language family?

A. Germanic
B. North Germanic
C. West Germanic
D. Indo-European

D. Indo-European

English is part of which language branch?

A. Germanic
B. North Germanic
C. West Germanic
D. Indo-European

A. Germanic

English is part of which language group?

A. Germanic
B. North Germanic
C. West Germanic
D. Indo-European

C. West Germanic

Which group of the Germanic family is extinct?

A. West Germanic
B. North Germanic
C. East Germanic
D. South Germanic

C. East Germanic

The Icelandic language has changed less than any other Germanic language because of:

A. Iceland's close contact with other people and activities
B. migration by German tribes
C. Iceland's relative isolation from other places
D. the extinction of the East Germanic group

C. Iceland's relative isolation from other places

When people who speak a given language migrate to a different location and become isolated from other members of their tribe:

A. their language usually shows very little change even over a long period of time
B. they immediately develop a literary tradition
C. they lose their linguistic abilities
D. isolation usually results in the differentiation of one language into two

D. isolation usually results in the differentiation of one language into two

Which of the following is not a Romance language?

A. Bulgarian
B. Italian
C. Portuguese
D. Romanian

A. Bulgarian

The language spoken by soldiers stationed throughout the Roman Empire was known as:

A. a dialect of Latin
B. a Romance language
C. a standard language
D. Vulgar Latin

D. Vulgar Latin

The most widely spoken language in Brazil is:

A. Creole
B. French
C. Portuguese
D. Spanish

C. Portuguese

A creolized language is:

A. extinct
B. a mix of indigenous and colonial languages
C. an isolated language family
D. a possible prehistoric superfamily

B. a mix of indigenous and colonial languages

The most widely spoken Indo-European language is:

A. English
B. Hindi
C. Spanish
D. none of the above

A. English

The four most frequently spoken branches of Indo-European include all but:

A. Balto-Slavic
B. Celtic
C. Indo-Iranian
D. Romance

B. Celtic

The two most important languages in South America are:

A. Dutch and English
B. English and Spanish
C. French and Spanish
C. Portuguese and Spanish

C. Portuguese and Spanish

The Flemings and Walloons live in what country?

A. Belgium
B. France
C. South Africa
D. Switzerland

A. Belgium

The Flemings and Walloons speak languages belonging to different:

A. dialects
B. language branches
C. language families
D. language groups

B. language branches

27. Official languages in Switzerland include all but which of the following?

A. Italian
B. Flemish
C. Romanish
D. All of the Above

B. Flemish

28. Urdu is the most important language of

Pakistan

29. Russian is part of what language branch?

*Balto-Slavic

30. Celtic languages

were threatened by extinction in England, are still spoken by people in France,
have been revived in some parts of the British Isles

31. Recent evidence points to the first speakers of the Indo-European language as the ancient
Celts

Kurgans

32. The Kurgans

may have been the first speakers of an Indo-European language

33. Basque is spoken primarily in

the Pyrenees

34. According to Renfrew's Anatolian hearth theory, Indo-European languages diffused across Europe
entirely by sea

with the diffusion of agriculture

35. The two largest language families in the world are

Sino-Tibetan and Indo-European

36. The language family encompassing the languages of the People's Republic of China is

Sino-Tibetan

37. The language spoken by the greatest number of people in the world is

Mandarin

38. Chinese is written in the form of

ideograms

39. Hebrew is an example of

a revived language

40. An Indo-European language is spoken in which of these European countries?

Bulgaria Finland Hungary

41. The second most widely spoken language family in Europe is

Uralic

42. The large number of individual languages documented in Africa has resulted primarily from

thousands of years of isolation between tribal groups

43. The most important language family in Sub-Saharan Africa is

Niger-Congo

44. African languages are distinguished by the fact that

few are spoken by more than one million people

45. A lingua franca is

a language that is mutually understood by people who have different native languages

46. Dialects developed within England primarily because

*different Germanic invaders settled in different regions

47. British and American English differ in all but which of the following?

*alphabet

48. Immigrants to which American colonies had the most diverse backgrounds?

*Middle Atlantic

49. An isogloss is

a boundary between language regions

50. Franglais is

the use of English in the French language

51. What distinguishes a language branch?

languages related through a common ancestor differences are not as old as in language families
scientific evidence can confirm branches derived from the same family

52. English is part of which branch of the Indo-European family?

*Germanic

53. Which (in numbers of people) is the world's most extensively spoken language?

Indo-European

54. Which Romance languages are primarily spoken in southwestern Europe and Latin America?

Spanish Italian
Portuguese *a and d

55. Which of these languages are the North Germanic Group?

Danish Norwegian Icelandic Swedish

56. Which of these languages is Low Germanic?

Flemish Afrikaans Dutch Frisian

57. From where did the four Scandinavian languages derive?

Old Norse

58. What is one of the main elements of cultural diversity among the nearly one billion residents of India?
Religion

dress *language all of the above

59. Which of the following language families belong to India?

Austro-Asiatic
Sino-Tibetan
Indo-European
Dravidian

60. Why are 16 percent of the Chinese population over the age of sixteen unable to read or write more than a few characters of Chinese?

large number of Chinese characters

61. Which country speaks Austro-Thai?

Laos Thailand Vietnam

62. Why have Japanese and Korean formed distinctive language families?
Buddhism was established in Korea first.

*Japan is an island and Korea is a peninsular state.

63. How do the structures of Chinese and Japanese language differ?

*Japanese uses two systems of phonetic symbols

64. Which language family transcends (in importance) the number of speakers because its languages were used to write the holiest books of three major world religions: the Bible (New and Old Testaments), and the Quran?

Afro-Asiatic

65. A standard Arabic language has developed among the 230 million speakers because

*of the influence of the Quran, newspapers, and radio

66. Which European country(ies) are not dominated by Indo-European speakers?

Estonia Hungary Finland

67. The global distribution of languages results from a combination of which two geographic processes?
interaction and isolation

diffusion and migration

68. Which are the first and second most spoken languages in the world?

Mandarin, English

69. The three tribes that brought the beginnings of English to the British Isles came from

*Germany and Denmark

70. In what significant ways does U.S. English differ from that of England?

pronunciation vocabulary spelling

71. What was an important influence for new English words in America?

new inventions
American Indians new physical features and animals

72. Noah Webster primarily conceived the difference in American pronunciation and spelling from that of the British Isles because

it would establish a uniquely American dialect it would reduce cultural dependence on England
it would inspire national pride

73. What treaty ensured that Spanish and Portuguese would be diffused to the western portion of the New World?

*Treaty of Tordesillas

74. How has Switzerland remained at peace with four or five different languages within their borders?

Switzerland has a decentralized government

75. Lingua franca languages include

Hindustani Swahili Russian

76. The current growth in the use of English has occurred because of

expansion diffusion military conquest
migration

A literary tradition is

A) a form of a language used for official
government business.

B) a form of a language spoken in a particular
area.

C) a collection of languages related to each other.

D) the written form of a language.

E) the variety of dialects in a language.

D

A form of a language spoken in a local
area is a
A) dialect.

B) language branch.

C) language family.

D) language group.

E) language root.

A

A group of languages that share a common
origin but have since evolved into individual
languages is a

A) dialect.

B) language branch.

C) language family.

D) language group.

E) language root.

B

A group of languages that share a common
ancestor before recorded history is a

A) dialect.

B) language branch.

C) language family.

D) language group.

E) language root.

C

The second-largest language family is

A) Indo-European.

B) Sino-Tibetan.

C) Austronesian.

D) Afro-Asiatic.

E) Dravidian

B

When languages are depicted as leaves on
trees, the roots of the trees below the surface
represent

A) dialects.

B) language groups.

C) language sects.

D) language families.

E) possible prehistoric superfamilies.

E

When languages are depicted as leaves on
trees, the trunks of the trees represent

A) dialects.

B) language groups.

C) language families.

D) possible prehistoric superfamilies.

E) language sects

C

Germanic invaders of England included which
tribe?

A) Angles

B) Saxons

C) Jutes

D) Normans

E) A, B, and C

E

Both the Angles and the Normans contributed
to the development of the English language,
because they

A) spoke Germanic languages.

B) invaded England.

C) spoke languages derived from Latin.

D) diffused English around the world.

E) agreed to divide England.

B

English is the most important language in
North America primarily because of

A) the diffusion of English colonies.

B) the Norman conquest.

C) the global dominance of the United
States.

D) official government policy.

E) prohibitions against foreign languages.

A

The first speakers of the language that
evolved into English were tribes that lived in
present-day

A) France.

B) Denmark.

C) United States.

D) Italy.

E) Switzerland

B

English is part of which language
group?

A) Germanic

B) North Germanic

C) West Germanic

D) Indo-European

E) Semitic

C

English is part of which language
branch?

A) Germanic

B) North Germanic

C) West Germanic

D) Indo-European

E) Austronesian

A

English is part of which language
family?

A) Germanic

B) North Germanic

C) West Germanic

D) Indo-European

E) Romance

D

Which group of the Germanic family is
extinct?

A) West Germanic

B) North Germanic

C) East Germanic

D) South Germanic

E) Uber Germanic

C

The Icelandic language has changed less
than any other Germanic language because of

A) Iceland's close contact with other people and
activities.

B) migration by German tribes.

C) Iceland's relative isolation from other places.

D) the extinction of the East Germanic group.

E) continuous exchange with Norway and
Sweden

C

When people who speak a given language
migrate to a different location and become
isolated from other members of their tribe

A) their language usually shows very little change even
over a long period of time.

B) they immediately develop a literary tradition.

C) isolation usually results in the differentiation of one
language into two.

D) they lose their linguistic abilities.

E) groups form multiple dialects.

C

Which of the following is not a Romance
language?

A) Bulgarian

B) Italian

C) Portuguese

D) Romanian

E) French

A

The language spoken by soldiers stationed
throughout the Roman Empire was known as

A) a dialect of Latin

B) a Romance language.

C) a standard language.

D) Vulgar Latin.

E) Catalan.

D

The most widely spoken language in
Brazil is

A) Creole.

B) French.

C) Portuguese.

D) Spanish.

E) Catalan.

C

A creolized language is

A) extinct.

B) a mix of indigenous and colonial
languages.

C) an isolated language family.

D) a possible prehistoric superfamily.

E) a revived formerly extinct language

B

The most widely spoken IndoEuropean language is

A) English.

B) Hindi.

C) Spanish.

D) Bengali.

E) none of the above

A

The four most frequently spoken
branches of Indo-European include all but

A) Balto-Slavic.

B) Celtic.

C) Indo-Iranian.

D) Romance.

E) Germanic

B

The two most important languages in
South America are

A) Dutch and English.

B) English and Spanish.


C) French and Spanish.

D) Portuguese and Spanish.

E) Creole and Portuguese

D

The Flemings and Walloons live in what
country?

A) Belgium

B) France

C) South Africa

D) Switzerland

E) Liechtenstein

A

The Flemings and Walloons speak
languages belonging to different

A) dialects.

B) language branches.

C) language families.

D) language groups.

E) language sects.

B