Organelles Role

Nucleus

stores the cell’s DNA and controls all cell activities, like a command center.

Ribosomes

make proteins that the cell needs to grow, repair, and do its jobs.

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

makes and folds proteins that will be sent out of the cell or used in the cell membrane.

Golgi Apparatus

packages and ships proteins and fats to where the cell needs them inside or outside.

Secretory vesicle

carries and releases substances (like hormones or enzymes) out of the cell.

Cell membrane

controls what goes in and out of the cell and protects it.

Cilia

are tiny hair-like structures on the cell surface that help move fluids, mucus, or cells along.

What is membrane transport?

is how substances move in and out of cells through the cell membrane to keep the cell balanced and working properly.

What type of transports are there?

Passive transport, Active transport

Define passive transport

moves substances without using energy, from high to low concentration. Examples: diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion.

Define Active Transport

moves substances using energy (ATP), usually from low to high concentration, against the gradient. Examples: pumps and endocytosis/exocytosis.