APUSH The Constitution and the New Republic 1787-1800

James Madison

James Madison

Father of the Constitution

Alexander Hamilton

Founding father and promoter of the US Constitution

Framers of the Constitution

delegates to the Constitutional Convention and helped the draft of the Constitution

Governor Morris

Represented Pennsylvania in the Constitutional Convention of 1787

John Dickinson

Founding father and former delegate to the Continental congress

Federalists

Supporters of the Constitution and its strong federal government

Anti-Federalists

Opponents of the Federalists

The Federalist Papers

Presented cogent reasons for believing in the practicality of each major provision of the Constitution

Bill of Rights: amendments

Collective name for the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution

Washington's farewell address

Spoke about policies and practices that he considered unwise

Permanent alliances

One of the things that Washington warned Americans to make this with foreign affairs

Alien and Sedition Acts

We're four bills passed by the Federalist- dominant 5th the United States Congress and signed into law by President John Adams

Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions

Political statements drafted in 1798 that were in response to Alien and Sedition Acts

Slave Trade

Trading of slaves started as early as the 17th century

Infant Industries

To protect the nations new businesses by imposing high tariffs on them

National bank

document issued by Alexander Hamilton for the purpose of depositing government funds

Tariffs; excise taxes

a tax or duty to be paid on a particular class of imports or exports.

Battle of Fallen Timbers

Our victory that gave the federal government control of vast tracts of land

Treaty of Greenville

the defeated people surrendered claims to the Ohio territory and promised to open it up to settlement

Public Land Act (1796)

Established orderly procedures for dividing and selling federal lands at reasonable prices

Mt. Vernon Conference

meeting of delegates from Virginia and Maryland held March 21-28 1785 at George Washington's house

Annapolis Convention

Convention held in September 1786, that only 5 states sent representatives to

Constitutional Convention

May 1787, Congress called a convention for revising the Articles of Confederation, Only Rhode Island refused to go

Checks and balances

A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power

Virginia Plan

Favored the large states

New Jersey Plan

Favored the small states

Connecticut Plan; Great Compromise

Provided for a two-house Congress, In the senate states would have equal representation, but in the House of Representatives, each state would be represented according to the size of its population.

House of Repressentatives

the lower house of the United States congress

Senate

upper house of the United States congress

Three- Fifths Compromise

Counted each enslaved individual as three-fifths of a person for the purposes of determining a state's level

Commercial Compromise

Allowed Congress to regulate interstate and foreign commerce

Electoral college system

The founding fathers established it in the Constitution as a compromise between election of the President by a vote in Congress and election of the President

Legislative Branch

Part of the United States government that creates laws

Congress

the national legislative body of a country

Executive Departments; Cabinet

includes the Vice President

Henry Knox

First United States Secretary of War

Edmund Randolph

First United States attorney general

Judiciary Act (1789)

Established a Supreme Court with one chief justice and five associate justices

Federal Courts

Courts of limited jurisdiction

Supreme Court

the highest judicial court in a country or state

National debt

the total amount of money that a country's government has borrowed, by various means

Whiskey Rebellion

The refusal of a group of farmers to pay the federal excise tax on whiskey

Federalist era

Ran from 1789-1801

Democratic- Republican Party

American political party that was formed in opposition to the Federalist party

Political parties

an organised group of people with at least roughly similar political aims and opinions, that seeks to influence public policy by getting its candidates elected to public office

Two term Tradition

You can only do two terms as president

John Adams

2nd president

Revolution of 1800

Vice President Thomas Jefferson beat President Thomas Jefferson

French Revolution

Social and Political change from 1789-1799

Proclamation of Neutrality (1793)

Washington issued a proclamation of U.S. neutrality in the conflict

"Citizen" Genet

Appealed directly to the American people to support the french cause

Jay Treaty (1794)

Britain agreed to evacuate its posts on the U.S. western frontier

Pinckney Treaty (1795)

Spain agreed to open the lower Mississippi River and New Orleans to American trade

Right of Deposit

Ability for Americans to transit cargoes to New Orleans

XYZ Affair

French ministers who requested bribes for entering into negotions