1 - (1,2) Measuring & Electrical Equipments

• Meter Scale

• Vernier Calliper

• Screw Gauge

• Spherometer

• Triple Beam Balance

• Digital Balance

• Stop Clock

Measuring Equipment:

Meter Scale

• Most frequently used measuring tool referred to as ruler.

• It has evenly spaced markings along its length, which are used to measure distances along straight lines

Vernier Calliper

This can measure objects up to 15 cm in length.

Vernier Calliper

It is made up of a main scale and a vernier scale and has 0.1 cm increments.

• It has a pair of external jaws to measure external diameter, pair of internal jaws to measure internal diameter, and a long rod to measure depth.

• External Measurement Jaws

• Internal Measurement Jaws

• Main Fixed Scale

• Vernier Scale

• Lock Screw

• Thumb Screw

• Depth Rod

• Fine Adjustment Screw

Vernier Calliper parts: (8)

External measurement jaws

Used to measure the external dimensions of an object, the external diameter of a sphere or any external dimension between two surfaces (Fixed Jaw and Movable Jaw)

Internal measurement jaws

Used to measure the internal dimensions, inside diameter of a pipe. (Fixed Jaw and Movable Jaw)

Main Fixed Scale

Has a fixed upper and lower jaw on its left side that runs along the Vernier caliper. The size varies and it can be 150 mm, 300 mm, or more

Vernier Scale

This determines the accuracy of a vernier scale caliper. It allows the measurement of less than 1 mm, by interpolated dimensions.

Lock Screw

This locks the vernier caliper and enables reading the scale correctly.

Thumb Screw

This allows you to have form grip for easy sliding of the vernier scale while holding it

Depth Rod / Bar

This moves out or in along with the movement of the vernier scale. This is used to measure the depth of a blind hole, slot, and similar measurements.

Fine Adjustment Screw

This gives a better control over the movement of the vernier scale.

Screw Gauge

A measuring apparatus that can measure dimensions in the range of 0.01mm up to 5 cm, with increments of 0.01mm

Screw Gauge

are widely used to measure the diameter of wires, screws, and bolts.

• U-shaped Frame

• Anvil

• Spindle

• Thimble

• Ratchet

• Barrel / Main Scale

Screw Gauge parts:

U-shaped Frame

This contains the element to be measured.

Anvil

This is an immovable part that secure the objects whose diameter needs to be calculated.

Spindle

This moves towards the anvil as the thimble turns.

Thimble

This moving part of the screw gauge and it has a lock that fix the spindle when making a measurement.

Ratchet

This keeps the thimble from revolving any more than is necessary for it.

Barrel / Main Scale

This is referred to as a sleeve or stock, which is one of the non-movable components marked either linearly or Vernier-wise, as displayed in the diagram of screw gauge.

Spherometer

• This is used to measure the radius of curvature of a spherical surface.

Spherometer

Commonly used in optics to determine the curvature of lenses and mirrors.

Spherometer

• Three legs which are the same horizontal level.

• A vertical scale which is fixed in position.

• A circular scale.

• A screw attached with the circular scale.

• Knob to turn the screw and thus, the circular scale.

Triple Beam Balance

A typical instrument used to measure the mass of various objects. It consists of three beams, each of which is provided with a single sliding weight that has a size corresponding to the gradations of the notched scale on each beam.

• Middle

• Front

• Far

The name refers to the three beams including:

Middle Beam

which is the largest size and reads in 100-gram increments.

Front Beam

which is the medium size and read from 0 to 10 grams.

Far Beam

which is the smallest size and can read in 10-gram increments.

Digital Balance

In physics, it is used to measure the weight of any given body accurately.

Digital Balance

It is crucial for weight measurement which involves Archimedes Principle.

• Weighing Sensor

• Display

• Control Panel

• Weighing Pan

Digital Balance parts:

Weighing Sensor

the core component of an electronic balance and is used to sense the weight of the object being weighed.

Display

is usually located on the control panel of an electronic balance and is used to display the weight value of the weighing.

• Common display types include liquid crystal display (LCD) and LED display.

Control Panel

is the operating interface of the electronic balance, which is used to set the weighing unit, calibration, adjustment and other functions.

• There are buttons or touch screen on the control panel for users to operate.

Weighing Pan

is a platform on which objects to be weighed are placed.

• It is usually made of stainless steel or other corrosion-resistant materials and has a certain size and load-bearing capacity.

Stop Clock

is designed to measure the time elapsed from a particular time when it is activated up to the time the objects is deactivated

Stop Clock

• pendulum-based

It is used to measure time in experiments, such as ____________ experiments, where a brief period is needed for the calculations.

• Resistor

• Voltmeter

• Battery Eliminator

Electrical Equipment: (3)

Resistor

An electrical component that provides electrical resistance in a circuit.

Resistor

It is used to reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, to divide voltages, bias active elements etc

Voltmeter

It is an instrument used to measure electrical potential difference between two points in a circuit.

• Analog

• Digital

2 Types of Voltmeters:

Analog Voltmeters

move a pointer across a scale in proportion to the voltage of the circuit

Digital Voltmeters

give a numerical display of voltage by use of an analog to digital converter

Battery Eliminator

This device is powered by an electrical source other than a battery. This then converts to a suitable DC voltage.

Battery Eliminator

This is used instead of normal dry batteries in radio receivers, tape recorders, calculators, and other low-power devices.