Binomial Nomenclature and Classification Systems

Species Name

Two-word Latin name for living organisms.

Binomial Nomenclature

Two-part naming system for species.

Theophrastus

4th-century botanist who classified 500 plants.

Monocots

Plants with one seed leaf.

Dicots

Plants with two seed leaves.

Carolus Linnaeus

Established the binomial system in 1753.

Species Plantarum

Linnaeus's publication on plant classification.

International Code of Botanical Nomenclature

Standardizes plant naming and classification rules.

Kingdom Concept

Initial classification into Plant and Animal Kingdoms.

Kingdom Protoctista

Kingdom for organisms without complex tissues.

Kingdom Monera

Assigned to prokaryotic organisms by Copeland.

Five-Kingdom System

Developed by Whittaker in 1969.

Six Kingdoms

Includes Archaea, Bacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia.

Taxonomic Hierarchy

Levels: genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom.

Specific Epithet

Second part of a species name.

Taxonomist

Specializes in naming and classifying organisms.

Systematist

Incorporates evolution in classification processes.

Taxon Ending

Suffix indicating classification level.

Dichotomous Key

Tool for identifying organisms through paired statements.

Phylogeny

Hereditary relationships among organisms.

Example: Onion

Classification: Plantae, Magnoliophyta, Liliopsida, etc.