OT 501 Diagnostics (Schizophrenia Spectrum & Other Psychotic Disorders)

what is the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia?

two or more of the following in 1-month period:

-delusions

-hallucinations

-disorganized thinking and speech

-disorganized behavior

-negative symptoms

impaired functioning

prodromal phase for 6 months

not drugs

not bipolar disorder

what are negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

flattening of affect

-diminished emotional expression

avolition

-decreased in motivated self

alogia

-diminished speech output

anhedonina

-diminished pleasure

asociality

-apparent lack of interest in social interactions

what is a delusion?

think something is real that everyone else knows is not real

just because something is unlikely....

doesn't always make it a delusion

what is an exception to having 2 symptoms of schizophrenia?

having 1 bizarre delusion

- thought withdrawal (thoughts have been taken away from an outside source)

-thought insertion (alien thoughts have been put into your mind)

-delusions of control (actions are being controlled by outside force)

what is the onset of schizophrenia? abrupt or gradual?

early 20s for men and late 20s for women

typically gradual

which symptoms occur first in schizophrenia?

negative then positive appear later

what are positive symptoms of schizophrenia?

delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech and thinking, disorganized or catatonic behavior

what is the prognosis for someone who is diagnosed with schizophrenia young?

worse prognosis

childhood onset is rare

order of common hallucinations

1. auditory

2. visual

3. tactile

4. taste/smell

factors associated with schizophrenia that are associated with good prognosis

acute onset

being female

precipitating events

minimal residual symptoms

strong family support

higher SES

competence in interpersonal relationships

common drug treatments for schizophrenia

phenothiazines

butyrphenones

newer drugs (abilify, risperdal, loxitane, seroquel)

schizophrenia has a strong ___ component. how strong?

genetic; 10x more likely to have it if a direct family member has it

what is a brief psychotic disorder?

schizophrenia symptoms of at least 1 day but no more than a month

list other psychotic disorders

brief psychotic disorders

schizophreniform disorder

schizoaffective disorder

shared delusion syndrome

delusional disorder (RARE)

what is schizophreniform?

Schizophrenia, but less than 6 month duration.

ex. feels they can ignore voices

what is schizoaffective disorder?

uninterrupted period of illness during which there is a manic or depressive episode at the same time with schizophrenia (MANIA FACTOR)

what is shared delusion syndrome?

delusion develops in an individual in context of a close relationship with another person who has already established delusion (a primary delusion gets shared)

- auditory hallucinations with no other symptoms

what is delusional disorder?

non-bizarre delusions, no other schizophrenic symptom, function better than schizophrenia, RARE