PSK4U Skeletal System

What are the two broad groups that all bones in your body can be divided into?

axial skeleton, appendicular skeleton

what is the function of the axial skeleton?

to protect the brain and spinal cord

True or false: the proximal end of the radius is broader than the proximal end of the ulna

False. the distal end of radius is broader than the distal end of the ulna

Does the sacrum belong to the axial or appendicular skeleton?

axial

the clavicle is part of the ___ skeleton

appendicular (bc attaches arms to axial)

What are the five types of bones?

Flat, long, short, irregular, sesamoid

Name three examples of flat bones

Scapula, cranial bones, os coxae, sternum

The sternum is a _____ bone

Flat bone (protects heart)

True or false: the metacarpals and metatarsals are long bones

True

The sacrum is a ____ bone

irregular

These bones are small, round and wrapped in tendons

sesamoid bones

What is the function of a flat bone

• large SA for muscle attachment

• protects organs (such as those inside thoracic cavity)

why do inferior vertebrae have larger bodies?

they must support more weight

what are C1 and C2 called

C1- atlas (like in mythology, atlas at TOP of mountain)

C2- axis (the axis that the atlas can rotate about due to a process that sticks up)

how many cervical vertebrae are there?

7 (C1-C7)

how many thoracic vertebrae are there?

12(T1-T12)

how many lumbar vertebrae are there

5 (L1-L5)

what is the function of the clavicle

connect arm/humerus to axial skeleton/thoracic cage

how many true ribs are there

7

how many false ribs are there

3

how many floating ribs are there

2

how many ribs do we have in total

12 (7+ 3+ 2)

what attaches the anterior side of ribs to the sternum

costal cartilage (except for two floating ribs which aren’t attached to sternum at all)

what are some differences between a male and female pelvis

female pelvis- larger to support more weight during pregnancy, wider, bigger gap in middle so more can pass through

what is another term for a transverse fracture

a compound fracture

why is ti important to have a diet rich in vitamin D?

it is used to help us absorb calcium

Can you see the radial tuberosity when the hand is pronated

no

what are the hip bones called

os coxae

what material makes up the symphysis pubis (state function too)

cartilage ( can help pelvis separate, be flexibility for giving birth, also helps absorb some weight from the upper body before it travels to the lower body)

name two differences between a male and female os coxae?

female:

• wider pubic arch (angle bw pubis)-

• more flexible symphysis pubis, stretch more for birth

• wider pelvis allows for greater weight support (pregnancy)