CHI 109 Head and neck Muscles

CHI 109 Lab 5

Temporalis

L: Temporal fossa → (deep to zygomatic arch) Coranoid Process+Mandible Ramus

F: Mastication, elevates and retracts jaw

Masseter

L: Zygomatic arch → Mandibular angle

F: Elevates mandible, assists protrusion (jaw forward and back), contributes strongly for mastication

Pterygoids (Lateral)

L: Superior - Sphenoid bone → Mandible condyle and TMJ

Inferior - Pterygoid plate lateral surface → Mandible condyle and TMJ

F: Depress mandible, lateral (side-to-side) movement.

Pterygoids (Medial)

L: Superficial head - Maxilla → Ramus medial surface and mandible

Deep head - medial surface of pterygoid plate and palatine bone → Ramus medial surface and mandible

F: Mandible elevation, Lateral (side-to-side) movement, protrusion assistance

Suboccipitals (4)

i. Rectus capitis posterior major

• spinous process C2 → Lateral portion of inferior nuchal line

ii. Rectus capitis posterior minor

• Posterior tubicle of atlas (C1) → External occipital protuberance

iii. Obliquus capitis superior

• Transverse process of atlas (C1) → Occipital bone between superior and inferior nuchal lines

iv. Obliques capitis inferior

• Spinous process of C2 → Transverse process of atlas (C1)

F: Nodding motion, ipsilateral movement (looking left and right)

Levator Scapulae

L: Transverse process of C1-C4 → Superior angle of Scapula

F: Scapula elevation, Horizontal abduction and neck lateral flexion

SternoCleidoMastoid

L: Mastoid process of temporal bone → Clavicle & Sternum Manubrium (Separates and connects into 2 locations)

F: Unilateral contraction (head rotation and tilt), Bilateral contraction, neck flexion

Scalenes (3)

Red: Anterior Scalene

• Medial surface first rib → Transverse process C3-6

Green: Middle scalene

• Surface of first rib lateral to anterior scalene → Transverse process C2-7

Yellow: Posterior scalene

• Surface of second rib → Transverse process C5-7

F: Neck flexion, rib 1&2 elevation, Cervical spine stabilization.

Effleurage Massage

-Stroking of skin + Lotion

-Palm of hands → stimulate deep tissues

-Fingers → stimulate sensory nerves

-Slow pace for relaxation

-Fast pace for blood flow encouragement

-With the muscle orientation, towards the heart

-Rhythmic and continuous pattern

-Perform before to relax patient and identify treatment area

-Perform after to calm down irritated areas

Petrissage Massage

-Dry lifting and kneading skin, subcutaneous tissues and muscles.

-skin gently pinched, lifted, rolled between fingers and palms

-Frees adhesion from stretch and separating muscle fibres, fascia and scar tissue

-Assists venous return and milking out waste ducts