Measurement of Well-being 1-2

Happiness index
Better life index
Physical quality of life index
quality of life index
Human Development Index

Happiness index
Better life index
Physical quality of life index
quality of life index
Human Development Index

Measurement of wellbeing

Happiness Index

is a comprehensive survey instrument that assesses happiness, well-being, and aspects of sustainability and resilience.

Happiness Alliance

Author of Happiness Index

2011

Happiness index was developed in?

Happiness Index

was developed based on Bhutan's Gross National Happiness Index .

2014

When was the year Happiness Alliance started using only the name "Happiness Index" and copyrighted it?

the global happiness council

The Happiness Index was initially developed by a group of experts known as

Goal of Happiness Index

• Understand and evaluate personal well-being.

• Address the lack of existing freely available survey-based well-being measurement tools.

• Create strategies to improve well-being, quality of life, and sustainability.

• Advocate for the government to adopt broader measures of well-being.

GDP
Life Expectancy
Generosity
Social Support
Freedom
Corruption

INDICATORS of Happiness Index

GDP

Used as an indicator of the overall economic landscape of a country or region.

Life Expectancy

Average life in good health that is to say without irreversible limitation of activity in daily life or incapacities of a fictitious generation subject to the conditions of mortality and morbidity prevailing that year.

Generosity

Residuals of regressing national average in response to the Gallup World Poll (GWP) question “Have you donated money to a charity in the past month?” on GDP per capita.

Social Support

Having friends, family, and other people to turn to in times of need or crisis.

Freedom

ability, as far as possible, choose our own path without constraint.

Corruption

Measured by NATIONAL AVERAGE of the survey responses to two questions in GWP.

1.       Is corruption widespread throughout the government or not?

2.       is corruption widespread within businesses or not?

Gallup World Poll
Cantril Ladder

How do we measure Happiness Index

Gallup World Poll

Gallup's World Poll data on life evaluations are the primary source behind the annual happiness rankings for countries worldwide.

Cantril Ladder

Ø  It asks respondents to think of a ladder, with the best possible life for them being a 10 and the worst possible life being a 0.

Ø  They are then asked to rate their own current lives on that 0 to 10 scale.

53

Position of Philippines in Happiness Index

Better Life Index

is an interactive tool that lets you measure and compare the state of well-being in different nations based on eleven key areas that are crucial to a high quality of life.

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

What is OECD

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

• An International organization of 38 countries committed to democracy and the market economy that aims to develop better policies for better lives, that is based in Paris, France.

• Developed by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) which has the mission of promoting policies to improve the economic and social well-being of people around the world.

• Initially launched in 2011 and having catered to more than 100,000 people from 180 countries since then.

Housing
Income
Jobs
Community
Education
Environment
Civic Engagement
Health
Life Satisfaction
Safety
Work and Life Balance

BETTER LIFE INDEX INDICATORS

Housing

• Living in satisfactory housing conditions is one of the most important aspects of people's lives. Housing is essential to meet basic needs, such as shelter, but it is not just a question of four walls and a roof.

• Housing should offer a place to sleep and rest where people feel safe and have privacy and personal space; somewhere they can raise a family.

ROOMS PER PERSON AND DWELLINGS WITH BASIC FACILITIES

Ø  Average number of rooms shared per person and whether dwellings have access to basic facilities.

Ø  The number of rooms in a dwelling, divided by the number of persons living there, indicates whether residents are living in crowded conditions.

HOUSING EXPENDITURE Housing

Ø  Costs take up a large share of the household budget and represent the largest single expenditure for many individuals and families, by the time you add up elements such as rent, gas, electricity, water, furniture, and repairs.

Income

• While money may not buy happiness, it is an important means to achieving higher living standards and thus greater well-being.

• Higher economic wealth may also improve access to quality education, health care, and housing.

Household net adjusted disposable income – is the amount of money that a household earns, or gains, each year after taxes and transfers. It represents the money available to a household for spending on goods or services.

Household net wealth – considers the total wealth of both financial and non-financial and net of liabilities (e.g. loans) held by households. Household net wealth takes into account: savings, monetary gold, currency and deposits, stocks, securities, and loans, as well as the principle residence, other real estate properties, vehicles, valuables, and other non-financial assets

jobs

• Work has obvious economic benefits, but having a job also helps individuals stay connected with society, build self-esteem, and develop skills and competencies.

• Societies with high levels of employment are richer, more politically stable, and healthier.

EMPLOYMENT RATE

Ø  Across the OECD, about 66% of the working-age population aged 15 to 64 has a paid job. Employment levels are highest in Switzerland (80%), Iceland and the Netherlands (78%) and lowest in South Africa (39%), Turkey (48%), Costa Rica (55%) and Chile (56%).

Ø  Across the OECD, an estimated 84% of individuals with tertiary education have a paid job, compared with an estimated 44% for those without secondary education.

Ø  In 2020, on average across OECD countries, 59% of women had jobs, compared with 74% of men.

LONG-TERM UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

Ø  Long-term unemployment can have a large negative effect on feelings of well-being and self- worth, and result in a loss of skills, further reducing employability. Such effects can last a long time, even after a return to work. Across the OECD, the percentage of the labor force that has been unemployed for a year or longer is currently at about 1.3%.

Ø  Creating more and better jobs is a major challenge for governments. There is no difference on average between men and women in the OECD area when it comes to long-term unemployment. Faced with aging populations and rising social expenditures, facilitating employment for those who can work has become a priority.

AVERAGE EARNINGS

Ø  Earnings represent the main source of income for most households. Analyzing earnings may also suggest how fairly work is remunerated.

JOB SECURITY

Ø  Workers face an expected 5% loss of earnings on average in OECD countries if they become unemployed. Workers facing a high risk of job loss are more vulnerable, especially in countries with smaller social safety nets. In Greece, the drop in earnings is around 22%, followed by Spain, around 16%, compared with less than 2% in Germany and Iceland.

Community

• Humans are social creatures. The frequency of our contact with others and the quality of our personal relationships are thus crucial determinants of our well-being. Studies show that time spent with friends is associated with a higher average level of positive feelings and a lower average level of negative feelings than time spent in other ways.

SOCIAL SUPPORT NETWORK

Ø  Across the OECD, 91% of people believe that they know someone they could rely on in time of need. There is little difference between men and women, as 92% of women believe they have this kind of social support, compared with 90% for men.

Ø  In general, there are more people who have completed tertiary education that report having someone to count on for help in times of need than people who have attained below upper secondary education.

Education

• Education plays a key role in providing individuals with the knowledge, skills and competencies needed to participate effectively in society and in the economy. In addition, education may improve people's lives in such areas as health, civic participation, political interest and happiness. Studies show that educated individuals live longer, participate more actively in politics and in the community where they live, commit fewer crimes and rely less on social assistance.

YEARS IN EDUCATION

Ø  On average in the OECD, people can expect to go through about 18 years of education, judging by the number of people between the ages of 5 and 39 currently in school. Results range from about 14 years of education in Colombia, to over 20 years in Australia.

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

Ø  Good education enhances job opportunities and income. Highly educated individuals are less affected by unemployment trends. Knowledge-based skills in the labor market necessitate higher education. High-school degree is the minimum credential for job finding in most OECD countries.

STUDENT’S SKILLS

Ø  The OECD's Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) reviews the extent to which students near the end of their compulsory education (usually around age 15) have acquired some of the knowledge and skills that are essential for full participation in modern societies, particularly in reading, mathematics, and science.

Environment

• The quality of our local living environment has a direct impact on our health and well-being.

• Our economies rely not only on healthy and productive workers but also on natural resources.

• Each country has its own unique environmental concerns.

AIR POLLUTION

Ø  Air pollution in urban centres, often caused by transport and the use of small-scale burning of wood or coal.

Ø  Globally the health impacts of urban air pollution continue to worsen.

PM2.5

Ø  Tiny particulate matter small enough to be inhaled into the deepest part of the lung.

WATER QUALITY

Ø  Access to clean water is fundamental to human well-being.

Ø  On average, 84% of people in OECD countries say they are satisfied with water quality.

 

Civic Engagement

• Trust in government is essential for social cohesion and well-being.

• Greater transparency is not only key to upholding integrity in the public sector; it also contributes to better governance.

VOTER TURNOVER

Ø  Voter turnout is defined as the percentage of the registered population that voted during an election.

Ø  In the most recent elections for which data are available, voter turnout averaged 69% in OECD countries. Research has shown that more educated people are more likely to vote than less educated ones, and that older people are more likely to vote than younger ones.

STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT FOR DEVELOPING REGULATIONS

Ø  Stakeholder engagement for developing regulations measures to what extent a country's executive branch engages with stakeholders when developing primary laws and subordinate regulations.

Health

• Good health is one of the most important things to people and also brings many other benefits.

LIFE EXPECTANCY

Ø  Most widely used measure of health.

Ø  The length of people’s life and not their quality of life.

Ø  Recent OECD analysis suggests that health care spending growth has contributed to the improvement in life expectancy.

SELF SUPPORTED HEALTH

Ø  Most OECD countries conduct regular health surveys which allow respondents to report on different aspects of their health.

Ø  Men are more likely to report good health than women, with an OECD average of 71% of men saying their health is "good" or "very good" compared with 66% for women.

Life Satisfaction

• People's satisfaction with life rate is 6.7 across the People's satisfaction with life rate is 6.7 across the OECD.

• Measures how people evaluate their life as a whole rather than their current feelings.

Safety

• Personal security is a core element for the well-being of individuals and includes the risks of people being physically assaulted or falling victim to other types of crime.

FEELING SAFE WALKING ALONE AT NIGHT

Ø  85% or more of people in Austria, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Luxembourg, Norway, Slovenia, and Switzerland say they feel safe.

Ø  The level in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico is just below 50%, and below 40% in South Africa.

HOMICIDE RATE

Ø  According to the latest OECD data, the average homicide rate in the OECD is 2.6 murders per 100 000 inhabitants.

Ø  In most OECD countries, homicide rates for men are usually higher than those affecting women, with rates of 4.4 per 100 000 for men and 0.9 per 100 000 for women on average for the most recent data.

Work and life Balance

• The ability to successfully combine work, family commitments and personal life is important for the well-being of all members in a household.

• Governments can help to address the issue.

EMPLOYEES WORKING LONG HOURS

Ø  Evidence suggests that long work hours may impair personal health and increase stress.

Ø  10% of employees in the OECD work 50 hours or more per week in paid work.

TIME DEVOTED TO LEISURE AND PERSONAL CARE

Ø  The amount and quality of leisure time is important for people's overall well- being and can bring additional physical and mental health benefits.

Education Challenges
Healthcare Systems
Environmental Concerns
Income Disparities
Employment and Economic Opportunity

WHY IS THE PHILIPPINES FAR FROM A HIGH RANKING ON THE BETTER LIFE INDEX?

Educational Challenges

Ø  Despite efforts to improve education access and quality, the Philippines continues to face challenges such as low literacy rates, poor infrastructure, and discrepancies in educational possibilities between cities and rural areas.

healthcare systems

Ø  Many Filipinos, particularly those living in rural and distant areas, continue to struggle with access to high-quality healthcare. Limited healthcare infrastructure, inequality in healthcare access, and challenges such as high maternal and child death rates all contribute to the country's low ranking.

environmental concerns

Ø  The Philippines faces environmental challenges such as deforestation, pollution, and natural disasters. These issues can impact both the physical environment and public health, affecting overall well-being.

Income disparities

The Philippines has high income inequality, with a large proportion of the people living in poverty. This can negatively impact various aspects of well-being, including access to education, healthcare, and basic necessities

Employment and economic opportunities

Ø  While the Philippines has seen economic progress in recent years, there are still substantial issues such as unemployment, underemployment, and informal employment. Many Filipinos struggle to obtain steady and well-paying professions, which can have an influence on their overall quality of life.