Chronic Inflammation✅ (transfer 1-9 to granulomatous)

complete q and a (leziel)

1. Identify

2. What is the pointed structure?

3. What cells compose most of the rest of the structure?

1. Langhans giant cells in granuloma

2. Langhans-type cell

3. Macrophages

1. Identify

2. What cells are pointed?

3. What bone marrow-derived cell can become this cell?

1. Epithelioid cells in granuloma

2. Epithelioid cells

3. Monocytes

1. Identify cellular process

2. Identify pointer area

1. Caseous necrosis in granuloma

2. Area of necrosis

1. Identify cellular process

2. Identify pointer area

1. Caseous necrosis in granuloma

2. Area of necrosis

1. Identify cellular process

2. What is patter of the structures seen?

1. Caseous necrosis in granuloma

2. Milary pattern of granulomas

1. Identify

2. What is the pink structure below that arrow?

1. Foreign body giant cell in granuloma

2. Vegetable material (foreign body)

1. Identify

2. Identify the pointed structure

1. Foreign body giant cells in suture granuloma

2. Suture material

1. Identify

2. Identify the white crystals

3. What type of microscopy is used?

1. Talc granulomatosis

2. Talc crystals

3. Polarized light microscopy

1. Identify

1. Silicotic nodule

1. Type of cells in the inflammatory infiltrate of chronic inflammation.

2. Mononuclear cells are observed in the endometrial stroma

3. Why is chronic inflammation considered more variable and difficult to understand? (Wa ni sa webpath ang answer but textbook)

Mononuclear cells

Lymphocytes and plasma cells

Diverse and persistent inflammatory response (unlike acute that is prediminated by neutrophils)

1. Composition of the epithelium when acute inflammation becomes chronic?

2. In chronic cervicitis, what tissue changes indicate severe inflammation?

3. How can prolonged or repeated bouts of acute inflammation lead to mucosal damage?

More mononuclear cells

Mucosal damage

Extravasation of rbcs (hemorrhage)

1. Duration of chronic inflammation

2. Cell types in rheumatoid arthritis synovium

3. Appearance of lymphocyte collections

weeks to months to years
Lymphocytes

dark blue

1. Etiologic agents that likely causing chronic inflammation

2. Location of chronic inflammatory infiltrates

3. Difference from acute inflammation infiltrates

4. Example of infection that will lead to this

Viruses

Interstitial (within tissues)

Exudative (above epithelial surfaces or within spaces such as alveoli or body cavities)

Influenza A

1. Type of inflammation present

2. Causes of type of inflammation

3. 2 examples of mixed inflammation diagnoses

Acute and chronic inflammation (or Mixed Inflammation)

Repeated or recurrent inflammation

"acute and chronic cholecystitis" or "acute and chronic cervicitis

1. Ideal outcome of inflammation

2. chronic inflammation may occur in conjunction with some degree of _____

3. chronic inflammation of the bronchi in the distal lung parenchyma has led to ____

Complete Resolution

Scarring

Dilation and Scarring

1. Chronic inflammation with _____ of the bronchial wall

2. Extent of inflammatory infiltrate

Destruction

From bronchial lumen to the left

1. Cell types in chronic abscess

2. Typical location example

Neutrophils, lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages

Right middle lung lobe

1. Organization of abscess wall

2. Remains after abscess decrease in size

Ingrowth of capillaries and fibroblasts

Scar

1. Components of healing inflammation

2. refer to 1, which forms?

3. Changes in myocardium during healing infarction

Ingrowth of capillaries filled with RBCs and fibroblasts producing collagen

Granulation tissue

Scar tissue

1. Composition of organizing abscess wall

2. Contents of abscess center

Granulation tissue

Purulent exudate with some hemorrhage

1. Components of granulation tissue

2. Type of inflammatory cells in granulation tissue

3. Visible example of granulation tissue

Capillaries and Fibroblasts

Mononuclear cells (mostly, sometimes pmns)

Scab from skin abrasion

1. End result of chronic inflammation

2. Tissue changes in chronic alveolar inflammation

3. Structural changes in airspaces

Scarring / fibrosis

Thickened alveolar walls filled with collagen

Irregular dilations

1. Result of inflammation in body cavities

2. Composition of adhesions

3. Potential complications of extensive adhesions

Adhesions

Thin bands of collagenous connective tissue

Restrict motion / retraction to an abnormal position of internal organs

1. What healing changes in skin one week after biopsy

2. below #1 is?

3. Outcome after one month

Re-epithelialization of skin surface

Granulation tissue

Small collagenous scar

1. Features of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD)

2. Diagnostic criteria for IgG4-RD

Chronic inflammation with fibrosis, organ dysfunction, plasma cells

Organ involvement, Serum IgG4 level exceeding 135 mg/dL, >10 IgG4+ plasma cells per HPF, IgG4:IgG-positive plasma cell ratio ≥40%