chapter 8: social processes, attitudes and behavior

social facilitation

tendency of ppl to perform at different level based on the fact that others are around

deindividuation

loss of self-awareness in large group; drastic changes in behavior

bystander effect

in group, individuals less likely to respond to a person in need

peer pressure

social influence placed on individuals by person of equal

group polarization

making decisions in group = more extreme than thought of individual member

group think

make decisions based on ideas and solutions frm w/in group w/out considering outside ideas

culture

beliefs, ideas, behaviors, actions, characteristic of group or society of ppl

assimilation

group of individual’s culture begins to melt into another culture

multiculturalism

encouragement of multiple cultures w/in community to enhance diversity

subcultures

group of ppl w/in culture that distinguish themselves from primary culture to which they belong

socialization

developing and spreading norms, customs and beliefs

norms

determine boundaries of acceptable behavior w/in society

stigma

based on perceived differences from rest of society

deviance

violation of norms, rules, or expectations w/in society

conformity

changing beliefs or behaviors in order to fit into a group or society

compliance

individual changes behavior based on request of others (ex: foot in the door technique)

obedience

change in behavior based on command from someone seen as authority

attitude

expression of pos or neg feelings or evaluations of something

functional attitudes theory

serve individuals in life: knowledge, ego expression, adaptability, and ego defense

learning theory

attitudes are developed through forms of learning: direct contact, direct interaction, direct instruction and conditioning

elaboration likelihood model

attitudes are formed and changed through different routes of information processing based on the degree of elaboration

• central and peripheral route processing

social cognitive theory

attitudes are formed through observation of behavior, personal factors and environment