Concept C: Cural

What is fascia?

Fascia is a connective tissue that surrounds muscles, organs, and other structures in the body, providing support and structure.

What are the three compartments of leg muscles?

Anterior, Posterior, and Lateral compartments.

What is the primary action of the anterior compartment of leg muscles?

Dorsiflexion of the foot.

What is the primary action of the posterior compartment of leg muscles?

Plantarflexion of the foot.

What is the primary action of the lateral compartment of leg muscles?

Eversion of the foot.

What is the function of the crural fascia?

It surrounds the muscles of the leg compartments.

What does the term 'Extensor' refer to in leg muscle naming?

Muscles that extend the digit(s).

What does the term 'Flexor' refer to in leg muscle naming?

Muscles that flex the digit(s).

What does 'Tibialis' indicate in muscle naming?

The action is limited to the ankle.

What does 'Fibularis' indicate in muscle naming?

The action is limited to the ankle.

What does 'Hallucis' refer to in muscle naming?

Muscles that act upon the first digit (Hallux/Great toe).

What does 'Digitorum' refer to in muscle naming?

Muscles that act upon multiple digits (2-5).

Name the muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg.

Fibularis Longus and Fibularis Brevis.

What are the muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg?

Fibularis Tertius, Extensor Digitorum Longus, Extensor Hallucis Longus, and Tibialis Anterior.

What are the deep layer muscles of the posterior compartment?

Tibialis Posterior, Flexor Digitorum Longus, and Flexor Hallucis Longus.

What are the superficial layer muscles of the posterior compartment?

Gastrocnemius and Soleus.

What is the primary function of the Gastrocnemius muscle?

Plantarflexion of the foot and flexion of the leg at the knee joint.

What is the role of the Plantar Aponeurosis?

It supports the arch of the foot and is continuous with the crural fascia.

What condition is associated with inflammation of the Plantar Aponeurosis?

Plantar Fasciitis.

What is the function of the Flexor Digitorum Brevis muscle?

It flexes digits 2-5.

What do the Lumbricals do in the foot?

They flex the metatarsophalangeal joints and extend the interphalangeal joints.

What is the function of the Extensor Hallucis Brevis?

It extends the first digit (Hallux).

What is the function of the Extensor Digitorum Brevis?

It extends digits 2-4.

What is the significance of the Flexor Retinaculum?

It creates passageways for tendons of the posterior leg compartment.

What is Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome?

A condition caused by impingement of the tibial nerve in the tarsal tunnel.

What is the primary action of the Tibialis Anterior muscle?

It inverts the foot and is a powerful dorsiflexor.

What is the primary action of the Tibialis Posterior muscle?

It plantarflexes and inverts the foot.