Chemistry - Volumetric Analysis (Acid Base)

What is a standard solution ?

A solution whose concentration is accurately known

What is a primary standard ?

A substance that can be obtained in a pure, stable and soluble form which can be dissolved to make up a standard solution

How is a standard solution prepared ?

By dissolving a primary standard in deionised water

What is a titration ?

A laboratory procedure used to find the concentration of a solution

How does a titration work ?

A known volume of a solution of unknown concentration is reacted against a known volume of a standard solution

What does an indicator show ?

When a reaction between solutions is complete (by means of colour)

What is deionised water ?

Water with all its ions removed

What type of water do titrations use ?

Deionised water

What is a burette designed to do ?

To deliver measurable quantities of a liquid with high accuracy

What should you do before filling the burette ?

Rinse with deionised water (to remove any impurities) and rinse with the solution in will contain (to remove any drops of deionised water that would dilute the solution in the burette)

What is the parallax error ?

When a measuring instrument is read from the wrong angle

What is a pipette designed to do ?

To measure and transfer an exact volume of liquid

What is a pipette filler designed to do ?

To fill a pipette

What should you do before filling the pipette ?

Rinse with deionised water (to remove any impurities) and rinse with the solution in will contain (to remove any drops of deionised water that would dilute the solution in the burette)

What is a volumetric flask designed to do ?

To make up solutions of a specific amount

What should you do before filling up a conical flask ?

Rinse with deionised water (to remove any impurities) only

What is a white tile designed to do ?

To see the colour change of the indicator more clearly

What is a wash bottle filled with deionised water designed to do ?

To wash down the inner sides of the conical flask

What does the endpoint refer to ?

The point at which the indicator changes colour

What are the precautions to take during a titration to ensure accuracy ?

A white tile is placed beneath the conical flask in order to see the colour change more clearly

A wash bottle with deionised water is used to rinse down the sides of the conical flask

All readings should be taken at the bottom of the meniscus at eye level

Continuously swirl the conical flask to keep the solution evenly mixed

Add solution from the burette drop by drop when approaching the endpoint