Chapter 14- Healthcare Statistics

Average Daily Census

The mean number of hospital inpatients present in the hospital each day for a given period of time

Average Length of Stay (ALOS)

The mean length of stay for hospital inpatients discharged during a given period of time

Bed Count

The number of inpatient beds set up and staffed for use on a given day

Case-Mix Index (CMI)

The average relative weight of all cases treated at a given facility or by a given physician, which reflects the resource intensity or clinical severity of a specific group in relation to the other groups in the classification system; calculated by dividing the sum of the weights of diagnosis-related groups for patients discharged during a given period by the total number of patients discharged

Census

The number of inpatients present in a healthcare facility at any given time

Consultation Rate

The total number of hospital inpatients receiving consultations for a given period divided by the total number of discharges and deaths for the same period

Continuous Data

Data that represent measurable quantities but are not restricted to certain specified values

Crude death/mortality rate

The total number of deaths in a given population for a given period of time divided by the estimated population for the same period of time

Daily inpatient census

The number of inpatients present at census-taking time each day, plus any inpatients who were both admitted and discharged after the census-taking time the previous day

Fetal Autopsy Rate

The number of autopsies performed on intermediate and late fetal deaths for a given time period divided by the total number of intermediate and late fetal deaths for the same time period

Fetal Death Rate

A proportion that compares the number of intermediate or late fetal deaths to the total number of live births and intermediate or late fetal deaths during the same period of time

Gross Autopsy Rate

The number of inpatients autopsies conducted during a given time period divided by the total number of inpatient deaths for the same time period

Gross Death Rate

The number of inpatient deaths that occurred during a given time period divided by the total number of inpatient discharges, including deaths, for the same time period

Hospital-acquired (nosocomial) infection rate

The number of hospital acquired infections for a given time period divided by the total number of inpatient discharges for the same time perioda

Hospital Autopsy Rate

The total number of autopsies performed by a hospital pathologist for a given time period divided by the number of deaths of hospital patients (inpatients and outpatients) whose bodies were available for autopsy for the same time period

Hospital Death Rate

The number of inpatient deaths for a given period of time divided by the total number of live discharges and deaths for the same time period

Hospital Inpatient Autopsy

A postmortem of a patient who died during and inpatient hospitalization by a hospital pathologist or a physician of the medical staff who has been delegated the responsibility

Incidence Rate

A computation that compares the number of new cases of a specific disease for a given time period to the population at risk for the disease during the same time period

Infant Mortality Rate

The number of deaths individuals under one year of age during a given time period divided by the number of live births during that same period.

Inpatient Bed Occupancy Rate (percentage of occupancy)

The total number of inpatient service days for a given time period divided by the total number of inpatient bed count days for the same time period

Inpatient Discharge

The termination of hospitalization through the formal release of an inpatient from a hospital

Inpatient Service Day (IPSD)

A unit of measure that reflects the services received by one inpatient during a 24 hour period

Interval-Level Data

Data with a defined unit of measure, no true zero point, and equal intervals between successive values

Length of Stay (LOS)

The total number of patient days for an inpatient episode, calculated by subtracting the date of admission from the date of discharge

Maternal Death Rate (hospital based)

For a hospital, the total number of maternal deaths directly related to pregnancy for a given time period divided by the total number of obstetrical discharges for the same time period; for a community, the total number of deaths attributed to a maternal conditions during a given time period in a specific geographic area divided by the total number of live births for the same time period in the same area

Maternal Mortality Rate (community based)

A rate that measures the deaths associated with pregnancy for a specific community for a specific period of time

Measurement

The systematic process of data collection, repeated over time or at a single point in time

Neonatal Mortality Rate

The number of deaths of infants under 28 days of age during a given time period divided by the total number of births for the same time period

Net Autopsy Rate

The ratio of inpatient autopsies compared to inpatient deaths calculated by dividing the total number of inpatient autopsies performed by the hospital pathologist for a given time period by the total number of inpatient deaths minus unautopsied coroners’ or medical examiners’ cases for the same time period

Newborn Autopsy Rate

The number of autopsies performed on newborns who died during a given time period divided by the total number of newborns who died during the same time period

Newborn Death Rate

The number of newborns who died divided by the total number of newborns, both alive and dead

Nominal-level data

Data that fall into groups or categories that are mutually exclusive and with no specific order (for example, patient demographics such as third-party payer, race, and sex)

Nosocomial (hospital acquired) infection

An infection acquired by a patient while receiving treatment in a hospital or healthcare facility.

Notifiable Disease

A disease that must be reported to a government agency so that regular, frequent, and timely information on individual cases can be used to prevent and control future cases of the disease

Ordinal-level data

Data where the order of the numbers is meaningful, not the number itself

Population-based statistics

Statistics based on a defined population rather than on a sample drawn from the same population

Postneonatal Mortality Rate

The number of deaths of persons aged 28 days up to, but not including, one year during a given time period divided by the number of live births for the same time period

Postoperative Infection rate

The number of infections that occur in clean surgical cases for a given time period divided by the total number of operations within the same time period

Prevalence Rate

The proportion of people in a population who have a particular disease at a specific point in time or over a specified period of time

Proportionate Mortality Rate (PMR)

The total number of deaths due to a specific cause during a given time period divided by the total number of deaths due to all causes

Rate

A measure used to compare an event over time; a comparison of the number of times an event did happen (numerator) with the number of times an event could have happened (denominator)

Ratio

A general term that can include a number of specific measures such as a proportion, percentage, and rate

Ratio-Level Data

Data where there is a defined unit of measure, a real zero point, and the intervals between successive values are equal

Scales of Measurement

A reference standard for data collection and classification

Total Length of Stay (Discharge days)

The sum of length of stay for all patients discharged for a given period of time

Vital Statistics

Data related to births, deaths, marriages, and fetal deaths