Nutrition and Diabetes Overview

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to nutrition and diabetes discussed in the lecture.

Nutrient Sequence

The order in which food is consumed, which can affect metabolic health.

Glucose Homeostasis

The hormonal and neural mechanisms the body utilizes to maintain blood glucose levels at relatively steady levels.

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM)

A form of diabetes where the body does not produce enough insulin, accounting for approximately 5-10% of all cases.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)

A form of diabetes characterized by the body's inability to use insulin properly, making up 90-95% of diagnosed diabetes cases.

Insulin Resistance

A condition where the body's cells do not respond properly to insulin, leading to chronically elevated blood glucose levels.

Chronic Complications of Diabetes

Long-term effects of diabetes that can include damage to blood vessels, nerves, and organs.

Dental Cavities

Damage to teeth caused by the fermentation of sugars by bacteria, which can result in tooth decay.

Obesity

A condition characterized by excessive body fat, closely linked to increased risk of diabetes and other health issues.

Dietary Recommendations for T2DM

Guidelines suggesting the consumption of whole foods, a variety of fiber-rich foods, and limitations on added sugars and saturated fats.

Pre-Diabetes

A health condition where blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not yet high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes.