SIA12

Systems Integration

It refers to the process of combining different subsystems, components, or applications within an organization to work together as a unified and cohesive system.

Systems Integration

It involves connecting and integrating diverse hardware, software, databases, and interfaces to enable seamless data exchange, communication, and interoperability.

Importance of Systems Integration

• Seamless Data Flow

• Process Automation

• Improved Decision Making

• Enhanced Collaboration

• Improved Customer Experience

• Cost Efficiency

• Innovation and Agility

Architectural Style Patterns

provide standardized approaches and guidelines for designing software systems and applications

Architectural Style Patterns

They help architects and developers make informed decisions regarding the system's structure, organization, and interactions.

Client-Server Architecture

Clients request services or resources from servers, which provide the requested functionality.

Client-Server Architecture

can be on separate machines or distributed across a network.

Client-Server Architecture

This architecture promotes scalability, as multiple clients can interact with the same server.

Microservices Architecture

decomposes a system into small, independent services that can be developed, deployed, and scaled independently.

Microservices Architecture

Each service focuses on a specific business capability and communicates with other services through lightweight protocols like HTTP or messaging.

Microservices Architecture

promote flexibility, scalability, and the ability to adopt different technologies for each service.

Event-Driven Architecture

revolves around the concept of events and messages.

Event-Driven Architecture

Components or services communicate by producing and consuming events or messages.

Event-Driven Architecture

e well-suited for real-time, event based systems and scalable applications

Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

emphasizes the organization of software systems as a collection of services that communicate with each other

Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

Services are self-contained, loosely coupled, and encapsulate specific functionalities.

Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

They expose well-defined interfaces and can be reused across different applications and platforms

Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

promotes interoperability, modularity, and flexibility in system design.

Repository Pattern

provides a layer of abstraction between the application and the data persistence layer.

Repository Pattern

It encapsulates data access logic and provides a consistent interface to interact with the underlying data storage.

Repository Pattern

simplifies data retrieval, modification, and querying by abstracting away the details of the data storage implementation.

Publish-Subscribe Pattern

enables communication between components by broadcasting messages to multiple subscribers.

Model-View-Controller (MVC)

an architectural pattern that separates the application into three main components: model, view, and controller.

Event Sourcing

architectural pattern where the state of an application is derived by capturing and storing events rather than just storing the current state.

Hexagonal Architecture (Ports and Adapters)

promotes the separation of the core business logic from external dependencies.

Integration Challenges

1. Complexity

2. Data Mapping and Transformation

3. System Compatibility

4. Scalability and Performance

5. Security and Data Privacy

6. Legacy System Integration

Integration Benefits

1. Improved Data Accuracy and Consistency 2

2. Enhanced Business Efficiency

3. Increased Productivity

4. Improved Decision-Making

5. Enhanced Customer Experience

6. Scalability and Flexibility

7. Cost Savings

8. Business Agility

Integration Platforms

Also known as integration software or integration frameworks, are comprehensive solutions that enable the seamless integration of different systems and applications

Integration Platforms

▪ MuleSoft Anypoint Platform

▪ IBM Integration Bus (formerly IBM WebSphere Message Broker)

▪ Dell Boomi

▪ Informatica Intelligent Cloud Services: Informatica Intelligent Cloud Services

▪ Jitterbit

▪ SnapLogic

Middleware

refers to the software layer that resides between the operating system and the applications or systems. It acts as a mediator or facilitator, enabling communication, data exchange, and interaction between different software components, systems, or services.

Middleware

▪ Apache Kafka

▪ Java Message Service (JMS)

▪ Enterprise Service Bus (ESB)

▪ Remote Procedure Call (RPC)

▪ Representational State Transfer (REST)

▪ Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA)

▪ Web Services

▪ Message Queue Middleware

Integration technologies

encompass a wide range of tools, protocols, and approaches that facilitate the integration of systems, applications, and data. These technologies enable seamless communication, data exchange, and interoperability between disparate components within an organization.

Integration technologies

▪ Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) ▪ Web Services

▪ Message Queueing

▪ Enterprise Service Bus (ESB)

▪ Extract, Transform, Load (ETL)

▪ Data Integration Platforms

▪ File Transfer Protocols (FTP)

▪ Data Virtualization

Layered Architecture

Divides the system into logical layers, each responsible for specific functionalities.

Layered Architecture

Layers are organized hierarchically, with higher layers depending on lower layers.

Layered Architecture

Common layers include presentation/UI, business logic, and data access layers.

Layered Architecture

Promotes separation of concerns and modularity.

Microservices Architecture

An architectural development style where the application is composed of smaller services that handle a portion of functionality and communicate via lightweight protocols like HTTP.

Microservices Architecture

Relatively easier to manage due to smaller size.

Microservices Architecture

Updating one service requires redeploying only that specific service.

Microservices Architecture

Self-contained and deployed independently with shorter start-up and deployment times.

Microservices Architecture

Allows new developers to understand only the service they work on instead of the entire system.

Microservices Architecture

Enables horizontal scaling by scaling only the overloaded service.

Microservices Architecture

Each service can use different technology depending on business needs.

Microservices Architecture

A service failure doesn't impact others, keeping the rest of the system operational.

Microservices Architecture

More complex than monolithic applications due to distributed nature.

Microservices Architecture

Complexity increases with the number of individual services.

Microservices Architecture

Requires skilled developers to identify and manage inter-service communication.

Microservices Architecture

Independent deployment is more complicated.

Microservices Architecture

Higher network cost due to inter-service communication causing latency.

Microservices Architecture

Less secure due to communication over the network.

Microservices Architecture

Debugging is harder because control spans multiple services.

Monolithic Architecture

All functionalities are contained within a single codebase.

Event-driven Architecture

Relies on the capture, communication, processing, and persistence of events.

Event-driven Architecture

Enables minimal coupling and is ideal for distributed applications.

Event-driven Architecture

Loosely coupled since producers are unaware of consumers and consequences.

Event

A significant occurrence or change in state in hardware or software.

Event

Not the same as a notification, which informs a part of the system that an event occurred.

Event

Can originate from internal or external inputs.

Event

Can be triggered by user actions, external sources, or system operations.

Apache Kafka

A distributed platform widely used for real-time event processing.

Apache Kafka

Handles publishing, subscribing, storing, and processing of event streams.

Apache Kafka

Supports high-throughput, scalable applications by reducing point-to-point integrations.

Event-driven Architecture Models

May use either a pub/sub or an event stream model.

Pub/Sub model

This is a messaging infrastructure based on subscriptions to an event stream.

Pub/Sub model

With this model, after an event occurs, or is published, it is sent to subscribers that need to be informed.

Event Streaming model

events are written to a log.

Event consumers don't subscribe to an event stream.

Event Streaming model

they can read from any

part of the stream and can join the stream at any time.

Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

Organizes software as a set of services that communicate with each other.

Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

An enterprise-wide method using reusable software components or services.

Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

A service includes code and integrations for a specific business function.

Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

Services are self-contained, loosely coupled, and focused on specific functionality.

Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

Exposes well-defined interfaces and can be reused across platforms.

Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

Encourages interoperability, modularity, and flexibility in design.

Difference between Microservices vs. Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

SOA has enterprise scope, while the other has application scope.

Integration Techniques and Patterns

Approaches to connect various systems or components for seamless operation.

Integration Techniques and Patterns

Enables data exchange, communication, and coordination across systems.

Data Integration

Combines data from multiple sources to provide a unified view.

Data Integration

Approaches depend on data complexity, volume, real-time needs, and integration goals.

Application Integration

Connects and allows communication between different applications or components.

Application Integration

Uses different methods depending on architecture and technology involved.

Orchestration

A centralized method for integrating services.

Orchestration

Uses a central engine to coordinate interactions between services.

Orchestration

Defines the order and flow of data among services in a business process.

Orchestration

Directs and controls execution of services in a coordinated manner.

Orchestration

Specifies timing and invocation details for each service.

Orchestration

Enforces communication interfaces between services.

Orchestration

Uses request-response communication and often waits for service replies.

Choreography

A decentralized approach to integrating services.

Choreography

Services communicate based on predefined message formats or contracts.

Choreography

Each service understands its responsibilities and interaction methods.

Choreography

No central coordinator; interaction is contract-driven.

Choreography

Services are aware of their roles and act accordingly.

Choreography

Uses asynchronous messaging without waiting for replies.

Choreography

Loosely coupled; changes in one service don't affect others.

Choreography

Uses events or messages to trigger workflows across services.

Integration Middleware and Tools

Helps manage and facilitate integration across systems and data.

Integration Middleware and Tools

Provides capabilities to connect, transform, route, and monitor interactions.