CRIMINOLOGY AREA MOCK EXAMINATION PART 1 1H

RA 6506 was repealed by RA 11131, the Professional Regulatory Board for Criminologists shall be composed of?

Chairman and 4 members

A Professional Criminologist Association of the Philippines is the only __________ of criminologists, as endorsed by the Professional Regulatory Board subject to the approval of the Professional regulation Commission (PRC)

Accredited Integrated Professional Organization

Which of the following are TRUE about the powers, functions, duties and responsibilities of the Professional Regulatory Board for Criminology?

I. Issue, suspend, revoke or reinstate the certificate of registration of the registered criminologist

II. Illegally practicing the profession during the suspension from the practice thereof;

III. Receive complaints and decide the matter as to the malpractices and unethical conduct in the practice of the criminology profession.

IV. Monitor all colleges and universities offering criminology programs and recommend sanctions to the CHED, for noncompliance with the policies, standards, and requirements.

B. I, III and IV

The Professional Regulatory Board for Criminologists shall have the power, upon notice and hearing, to revoke or suspend the certificate of registration of a registered criminologist or to cancel a temporary/special permit granted to foreign criminologists for the commission of any of the following acts, EXCEPT_____.

A. non-renewal of the professional identification card for a period of 3 years with PRC without justifiable cause

What is not a ground for the revocation of the certificate of registration of a licensed criminologist?

D. Administrative Sanctions

All of the following are roles of a Registered Criminologist under RA 11131, EXCEPT:

C. Prosecute criminal offenders in court

Under RA 11131 (“Philippine Criminology Profession Act of 2018”), which of the following provisions correctly state the rights and obligations of a Registered Criminologist (RCrim)?

I. Must obtain a weighted average of at least 75% with no score below 60% in any board subject

II. Has civil service eligibility without taking the civil service exam

III. May prosecute criminal cases in court

IV. Is subject to administrative penalties including suspension or revocation per Section 31 of RA 11131

B. I, II and III only

Which of the following statements accurately reflect the regulatory mechanisms instituted under R.A. No. 11131 regarding the Criminology profession?

I. The PRB-C shall formulate and enforce a Code of Ethics and Technical Standards for Criminologists.

II. A valid Certificate of Registration is required before any person can be employed as a criminologist in the government or private sector.

III. The Professional Regulatory Board of Criminology (PRB-C) has the power to suspend or revoke a license after due process.

IV. Registered Criminologists are prohibited from engaging in private security practice, regardless of experience or additional licensing

 I, II, and III only

Under the salient provisions of Republic Act No. 11131, all of the following are TRUE regarding the role and authority of the Professional Regulatory Board of Criminology (PRB-C), EXCEPT: 

B. The PRB-C has the power to impose sanctions without giving the concerned party a chance to be heard, provided the violation is evident.

Atty. Cruz, a faculty member of a criminology program, was recently appointed as a commissioner of the Professional Regulatory Board of Criminology (PRB-C). Two months into his role, he accepted a consultancy contract with a well-known review center to help design board exam review modules. Which of the following best describes the legal implications of his action under RA 11131?

B. National Intelligence Coordinating Agency

Which of the following agencies is explicitly mentioned under Section 5 of RA 11131 as a workplace where criminologists may serve as investigators or agents?

B. National Intelligence Coordinating Agency

Under Section 5 of RA 11131, a registered criminologist may engage in the following acts, EXCEPT:

C. Teach basic algebra in public school

According to Section 29 on Foreign Reciprocity, no foreigner shall be allowed to take the criminology board exam in the Philippines unless:

C. The foreign country allows Filipinos to practice criminology on the same basis and privileges

Arnel, a licensed criminologist who has never entered government service, applies for a position as Fire Inspector in the BFP. He passed all qualifications except that he did not undergo the civil service exam. What advantage does Section 34 grant him?

B. He is exempt from civil service or qualifying entrance exams

Sarah is a registered criminologist working as a security officer in a GOCC. She decides to enter the police force but refuses to undergo further qualifying exams. Is her decision supported by RA 11131?

B. Yes, her license grants exam exemption and priority in appointment

Which rank may a non-government registered criminologist apply for via lateral entry under Section 36 of RA 11131?

C. Fire or Jail Inspector

Which of the following is the primary importance in studying criminology.

A. To prevent crime problem

The following are considered practices of the Criminology profession in other countries, Except.

D. a professional under the Criminal Justice Umbrella

Criminology includes in its studies behaviors that are          in nature.

B. deviant

It exists in the violation of norms that are sufficient to exceed the general tolerance limit of society.

A. Deviant behavior

The study of criminology involves several diciplines (multidisciplinary). Which of the following is the objective of criminology?

C. The development of general and verified principles regarding the process of law, crime and treatment or prevention. (SEP)

It is a sub area/ component of criminology which is concerned with the role social forces plays positive in shaping criminal law and the role of criminal law in shaping the society.

C. sociology of crime

Pertains to the examination of the reason of crime causation and primarily deals to answer issues why despite the existence of the law people still commit crime.

D. Criminal etiology

Which sub-areas constitute the discipline of criminology that utilizes scientific methods to assess the effectiveness of crime control and offender treatment programs?

A. Penology and Social Control

 What deals primarily with the study of crime causation?

A. Criminal etiology

All but one is the characteristic of Criminology

A. Science

Criminology changes as social circumstances changes. It means that the progress is in concordant with the sciences applied to it. It connotes that criminology is ____

A. Dynamic

Criminal             refers to the study of the milieu (envi) to criminality.

D. epidemiology

A person who said that criminology cannot become a science because it has not yet acquired universal validity.

D. George Wilker

Among the following choices, this describes a radical criminological (discrimination/ inequality) approach to the explanation of crime that sees the conflict and inequality present in society as being based primarily on gender.

D. Feminist criminology

It is a branch in criminology which opposes the theoretical perspective and purposes the involvement of all stakeholders in the use of nonviolent solutions.

B. Peacemaking Criminology

What movement removes as many first offenders of minor, nonviolent crimes as potential from secure confinement (prison) and treats them in the community?

D. Deinstitutionalization

The following are the characteristics of the Classical School of Criminology;

I. The basis of criminal liability is human free-will and the purpose of penalty is retribution.

II.  Man is essentially a moral creature with an absolute free-will to choose between right and wrong.

III. That every man is therefore responsible (retribution) for his act.

IV. Criminals are distinguishable from non-criminals because of their physical deviation

A. I, II, III are correct

Which of the following is NOT true about the principles of Positivism?

C. imposition of deterrence

Which of the following choices does NOT relate to the element of classical criminology?

D. That uses of scientific method in explaining phenomena like criminal behavior

What is the term used by Raffaele Garofalo for criminals?

D. Moral Anomalies

How do social Positivists describe criminals?

A. Normal

Which type of criminal possesses an atavistic tendency?

B. born criminal

Which idea does social positivism believe?

A. crime is normal

It is a violation of societal rules of behavior as interpreted and expressed by the criminal law, which reflects public opinion. Traditional values and the viewpoint of people currently holding social and political power. Individuals who violate their rules are subject to sanctions by state authority, social stigma and loss of status.

A. Crime

This theory explains that crime is one instance (robbery) may be caused by one or more factors, while in other instances (homicide) it is caused by another set of factors.

A. Eclectic Factor

When almost all member of a free society are once upon a time a victim or an offender of a criminal act. Crime as an associate society affects almost all people – regardless of age, sex, race, nationality, religion, financial condition, education and other personal circumstances. It connotes what?

A. Crime is Pervasive

Mr. Pedro, a former boxer, had a heated argument with Mr. Juan as the latter accused him of having an affair with his wife Petra. Due to his anger, Mr. Pedro boxed the face of Mr. Juan leading to his death. To what classification of criminal do Mr. Pedro belongs?

A. Acute Criminal

Victims of crime, especially victims of childhood abuse, are more likely to commit crimes themselves:

A. cycle of violence

What differentiates mala prohibita from mala in se?

C. Mala prohibita offenses derive wrongness from statute (law) alone.

All of the following crimes are considered mala in se (intentional), EXCEPT:

D. Illegal possession of firearms

Which of the following combinations under Roman Numerals correctly identify “mala prohibita” offenses?

I.  Parking violations

II.  Illegal gambling

III.  Murder

IV.  Cyberlibel (RA 10175)

A. I and II only

Which of the following statements accurately describe the Conflict Model of Law?

I.  The law reflects the shared values and moral consensus of society.

II.  Laws are tools created by the ruling class to maintain power and suppress dissent.

III.  Legal norms are dynamic and shaped by constant interaction between individuals and institutions.

IV.  The justice system operates in favor of those who control the means of production.

B. II and IV only

Which of the following situations BEST reflects the consensus model of lawmaking?

B. A law is passed outlawing acts universally condemned, like child trafficking

Which typology classifies robbers who plan carefully and avoid violence unless absolutely necessary?

D. Professional Robbers

Which type of sexual assault involves a perpetrator who is known to the victim and uses manipulation or psychological coercion rather than physical force?

C. Date rape

A victim is sexually assaulted by a coworker who uses emotional pressure and manipulation without physical force. Which is the MOST appropriate classification?

B. Acquaintance rape

A police officer describes a suspect as a “moral imbecile,” citing poor impulse control, persistent lying, and lack of empathy. This description is rooted in which criminological theory?

D.Psychopathy

Which of the following BEST reflects the key philosophical divide between Classical and Positivist schools of criminology?

B. Crime results from free will vs. crime results from determinism

Which of the following scenarios fall under the classification of serial killing?

I.  A nurse secretly kills five elderly patients over the course of six months, leaving minimal clues and showing no remorse.

II.  Two armed men go on a shooting rampage in three different towns over two days before being arrested.

III.  A disgruntled employee shoots his supervisor and four co-workers in one incident, then commits suicide.

IV. A man abducts and murders young women, leaving a symbolic item at each crime scene, with months between each killing

B. I and IV only

In a certain geographical location where all residents are exposed to hazardous environment located near polluted industrial sites, the likelihood that children born there may be inclined to criminal activities. Which explains criminal acts are caused by environmental pollutants?

C. biochemical

The following, except one, are biochemical factors to criminality:

A. brain lesions

A condition in which the glucose (sugar) in the blood falls below levels necessary for normal and efficient brain functioning.

C. hypoglycemia

This theory focuses on preventing easy access and exit by potential criminals as well as the elimination of their hiding places and where they can geographically select a target.

A. Defensible space theory

How do Biopsychosocial theories differ from sociological theories of crime?

C. biopsychosocial covers the concept of biological, psychological, and sociological causes of crime while sociological is limited on the social, institutional, and environmental factors.

What kind of development refers to the growth of the body?

D. physical

Identify the concept of Richard Dugdale about the Juke Family Tree

B. Heredity as a source of criminality based on studies of generations of criminals in relations to degeneracy and depravity.

64. Select the option that investigates the relationship between genes and the environment in determining individual differences in behavior.

A. Behavioral Genetics

Which of these may refer to the transmission of physical characteristics, mental traits, and tendency manifest by an organism to develop in the likeliness of a progenitor due to the transmission of genes in the reproductive process?

A. Heredity

Psychological reaction to a highly stressful event; symptoms may include depression, anxiety, flashbacks, and recurring nightmares.

A. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

The theory of crime causation which states that offenders should be punished regardless of their condition during the commission of the crime, thus, emphasized more on the injurious effect of the criminal act than upon the offender refers to:

A. Classical theory

This theory argues that intelligence is largely determined genetically; that ancestry determines IQ; and, that low intelligence as demonstrated by low IQ is linked to behavior including criminal behavior:

A. Nature theory

The theory which states that attachment, connection and link to society will determine whether a person shall commit a crime or not:

B. social bond

Which of the following best reflects Lombroso’s concept of the “born criminal” under criminal anthropology?

B. A career criminal who shows no remorse and possesses multiple physical anomalies

According to William Sheldon’s somatotyping theory, which individual is MOST likely to engage in aggressive or violent crime?

A. Miguel, a muscular and assertive security guard who often boasts of winning street fights.

Studies that examine the relationship between low IQ and criminal behavior suggest that:

A. Low IQ may impair judgment and increase susceptibility to peer influence

Which of the following findings from family studies supports the theory that crime may have biological roots?

A. Children of criminals raised by non-criminal adoptive parents still exhibit criminal tendencies

Which hormonal imbalance has been most frequently linked to aggression and violent criminal behavior in male adolescent?

C. High testosterone

In Rational Choice Theory, a person commits a crime when:

C. The benefits outweigh the risks after personal calculation

Which urban safety initiative best exemplifies Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED)?

C. Installing streetlights and trimming shrubs near ATMs to improve visibility- natural surveillance

According to Routine Activity Theory, crime occurs when the following elements converge EXCEPT:

B. The presence of a law enforcement officer- crime is prevented

Crime Pattern Theory focuses primarily on:

C. How environmental layouts influence where crimes are likely to occur

Which of the following is the BEST example of a risk factor for juvenile delinquency based on social disorganization theory?

B. A child in a low-income, unstable neighborhood with high mobility and poor policing

Which neurotransmitter imbalance is MOST associated with impulsive aggression and antisocial behavior, according to neurocriminology?

B. Low serotonin

According to Broken Windows Theory, which of the following BEST demonstrates a trigger for increased crime in a community?

C. Visible neglect such as vandalism and litter without law enforcement response

Which of the following scenarios BEST demonstrates Routine Activities Theory?

A.  A known offender breaks into a store in his own barangay where there’s no CCTV

Which of the following is NOT a focus of Strain Theory by Robert Merton?

C. Differential association with delinquent peers

Labeling Theory emphasizes the role of:

C. Social reaction to deviance in forming criminal identity

In Atavism Theory, which of the following physical traits are considered signs of a “born criminal”?

I.  Large jaw and receding forehead

II.  High cheekbones and flattened nose

III.  Abnormal eye shape and excessive body hair

C. I, II and III

Which of the following correctly illustrates the CPTED principle of “territorial reinforcement”?

B. Fences, gardens, and signage indicating private property boundaries

Which statement BEST reflects the concept of "innovation" as a response to strain?

B. An employee steals from the company to afford luxury items they couldn’t legally buy

Which of the following is TRUE under the Crime Pattern Theory?

C. Criminals tend to offend in areas within their awareness space

According to Social Learning Theory, criminal behavior is MOST likely learned through:

A. Observing and imitating family and peers who model deviant behavior

Which of the following individuals BEST demonstrates the Rational Choice Theory of crime?

B. A man who steals gadgets from an unlocked car after calculating that no CCTV is nearby

According to Sheldon’s Somatotype Theory, which body type is most associated with aggressive and violent behavior?

B. Mesomorph

Which theory suggests that crime results from the breakdown of communal relationships and institutions such as family, school, and employment in neighborhoods?

C. Social Disorganization Theory

What term is used in Social Learning Theory to describe the process of internalizing criminal behavior through repeated exposure?

A. Differential reinforcement

Which among the following is an EXAMPLE of primary deviance according to Labeling Theory?

A. A minor caught shoplifting for the first time and not charged

Which of the following MOST aligns with biosocial (biochemical, neurological, genetic) explanations of crime?

A. A child with low cortisol levels who shows no fear of punishment

A researcher finds that crime is more frequent in communities with high residential mobility and ethnic diversity. Which theory supports this finding?

B. Social Disorganization Theory

Which among the following is NOT a central idea of Routine Activities Theory?

D. Moral disengagement

Which among the following BEST demonstrates a crime prevention initiative rooted in Broken Windows Theory?

B. Conducting regular anti-loitering and anti-vandalism operations

What does "anomie" refer to in Merton’s Strain Theory?

C. The breakdown of social norms due to unequal access to goals

Human behavior is man’s response to the interpretation of the                from within the person or from his environment.

A. stimulus