Motivation: Hunger Motivation

Cannon and Washburn's Work

established one factor that pushes or drives hunger and that is contractions felt in the stomach caused by an empty stomacg

How Glucose Triggers Hunger

blood glucose level drops and stomach, intestines, and liver signals the brain to motivate eating

Appetite Enhancing Areas of the Hypothalamus

stimulated: well fed animals begin to eat

destroyed: starving animals have no interest in eating

Appetite Suppression Areas of the Hypothalamus

stimulated: animals will not eat

destroyed: animals will eat and eat and get fat

destroyed: animals will eat and eat and get fat

Set Point

the point at which an individual's "weight thermostat" is supposedly set, when the body falls below this weight, an increase in hunger and a lowered metabolic rate may act to restore the lost weight

Energy Output

amount of fuel you expend for basic body functions, physical activity, and processing of food

How might memory impact or desire to eat?

as time passes, we think about eating again and those thoughts trigger hunger

Discuss the Cultural Influence on Eating Behaviors

acquired tastes and preferences, what is "accepted" and what is not

Explain how geography and the environment in which a culture lives can impact food choice and taste

acquired tastes and preferences, what is "accepted" and what is not

One social consequence of being overweight or obese

affects how you are both treated and how you feel about yourself

One physiological/health consequence of being overweight or obese

risks diabetes, blood pressure, heart disease...

What role do set (or settling) point and metabolism play in obesity?

when an overweight person's body drops below its previous set point, the person's hunger increases and metabolism (rate that fat burns off) decreases

What role do genetics play in obesity?

people's weights resemble biological parents, identical twins have similar weights even when veered from each other

What role do environmental factors play in obesity?

sleep loss increases vulnerability to obesity (leptin falls and ghrelin (hunger thing) rises), lifestyles are eating more and moving less