lab 8 appendicular muscles

biceps brachii

A prominent muscle located on the upper arm, responsible for flexing the elbow and rotating the forearm. It has two heads: the short head and the long head.

brachialis

A muscle situated beneath the biceps brachii that also assists in flexing the elbow. It is particularly effective in this action when the forearm is positioned in a pronated position.

brachioradialis

A muscle of the forearm that flexes the elbow joint, particularly when the forearm is in a neutral position. It originates from the humerus and inserts at the styloid process of the radius.

coracobrachialis

A muscle located in the upper arm that assists in flexing and adducting the shoulder joint. It originates from the coracoid process of the scapula and attaches to the mid-humerus.

deltoid

A large, triangular muscle covering the shoulder joint that is responsible for arm abduction, flexion, and extension. It originates from the clavicle and scapula, inserting at the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus.

pectoralis major

A large muscle located in the chest that is primarily responsible for shoulder flexion, adduction, and medial rotation. It originates from the clavicle, sternum, and ribs, inserting at the humerus.

pectoralis minor

A smaller, thin muscle located beneath the pectoralis major that helps in stabilizing the scapula and assists with shoulder movements. It originates from the third to fifth ribs and inserts into the coracoid process of the scapula.

serratus anterior

A muscle located on the side of the thorax that is responsible for protraction and stabilization of the scapula. It originates from the upper eight or nine ribs and inserts along the medial border of the scapula.

latissimus dorsi

A large, flat muscle that extends from the lower back to the shoulder, responsible for shoulder extension, adduction, and medial rotation. It originates from the spinous processes of the lower thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, iliac crest, and lower ribs, inserting at the humerus.

external abdominal oblique

A muscle that forms the outermost layer of the abdominal wall, involved in trunk rotation and lateral flexion. It originates from the lower eight ribs and inserts into the iliac crest and the linea alba.

subscapularis

A large muscle located on the anterior surface of the scapula. It plays a key role in shoulder internal rotation and stabilization of the shoulder joint.

teres major

A muscle located on the posterior aspect of the scapula, involved in shoulder adduction and medial rotation. It originates from the inferior angle of the scapula and inserts into the humerus.

trapezius

A large superficial muscle that extends down the back of the neck and upper spine, involved in moving, rotating, and stabilizing the scapula and shoulder joint.

infraspinatus

levator scapulae

rhomboid major

rhomboid minor

supraspinatus

teres minor

triceps brachii

flexor carpi radialis

flexor carpi ulnaris

flexor digitorum profundus

flexor digitorum superficialis

flexor pollicis longus

palmar aponeurosis 

palmaris longus

pronator quadratus

supinator

abductor pollicis longus

extensor carpi radialis longus

extensor digitorum

extensor carpi ulnaris

Extensor pollicis brevis

hypothenar

thenar

lumbrical

extensor pollicis longus

first dorsal interosseous

adductor brevis

adductor longus

adductor magnus 

gracilis

iliopsoas

pectineus

Quadriceps femoris

rectus femoris

sartorius

tendon of quadriceps femoris

tensor fasciae latae

vastus intermedius

vastus lateralis

vastus medialis

gluteus maximus

gluteus medius

gluteus minimus

iliotibial tract 

long head of biceps femoris

piriformis

quadratus femoris

semimembranosus

semitendinosus

short head of biceps femoris

extensor digitorum longus

extensor hallucis longus

fibularis longus and brevis

tibialis anterior

calcaneal tendon

flexor digitorum longus

flexor hallucis longus 

gastrocnemius

plantaris

popliteus

Soleus

tibialis posterior

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

pronator teres

erector spinae

external and internal abdominal oblique

rectus abdominis

anconeus

extensor digiti minimi

flexor retinaculum of hand

flexor digitorum superficialis

Tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis

Tendons of flexor digitorum profundus

iliotibial tract

fibularis tertius